mysql中只有一列的“更新CURRENT_TIMESTAMP”

Question

我有一张桌子 test 有 4 列

id     name   visited      updated_at
1      abc    2016-03-20   2016-03-20 
2      xyz    2016-03-23   2016-03-23

当我应用以下查询时

ALTER TABLE `test` CHANGE `updated_at` `updated_at` TIMESTAMP on update 
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00'; 

如果我更改 name 或 visited，它会更改 updated_at，

但我想它只有在visited 改变时才会改变。

如何做到这一点？感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

drop table if exists `xyz1`;
create table `xyz1`
(   id int auto_increment primary key,
    theName varchar(20) not null,
    visited timestamp null, 
    updated_at timestamp null
);
insert `xyz1` (theName) values('abc'),('xyz');

对我们当前的 NULL 坐在那里不满意，错误 1138：

ALTER TABLE `xyz1` CHANGE `updated_at` `updated_at` TIMESTAMP 
NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP; 

让我们解决这个问题：

truncate table `xyz1`;

ALTER TABLE `xyz1` CHANGE `updated_at` `updated_at` TIMESTAMP 
DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP; 
-- works

insert `xyz1` (theName) values('abc'),('xyz');
select * from `xyz1`;
+----+---------+---------+---------------------+
| id | theName | visited | updated_at          |
+----+---------+---------+---------------------+
|  1 | abc     | NULL    | 2016-06-16 14:39:38 |
|  2 | xyz     | NULL    | 2016-06-16 14:39:38 |
+----+---------+---------+---------------------+


update `xyz1` set `theName`='xyz Smith' where id=2;
select * from `xyz1`;
+----+-----------+---------+---------------------+
| id | theName   | visited | updated_at          |
+----+-----------+---------+---------------------+
|  1 | abc       | NULL    | 2016-06-16 14:39:38 |
|  2 | xyz Smith | NULL    | 2016-06-16 14:41:04 |
+----+-----------+---------+---------------------+

参见手册Automatic Initialization and Updating

Answer 2

听起来你需要一个触发器来完成它。假设您的表定义如下所示：

drop table if exists test;
create table test(
  id BIGINT(20) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  visited DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00',
  updated_at DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00'
);

...您可以使用触发器实现仅更新 updated_at 列的 visited 的目标，就像这样。

-- Create a trigger that will update the updated_at column iff visited changes.
drop trigger if exists upd_test;
delimiter //
create trigger upd_test BEFORE UPDATE ON test
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
  IF (  (old.visited is not null and new.visited is not null and old.visited <> new.visited)
      OR (old.visited is null and new.visited is not null)
      OR (old.visited is not null and new.visited is null)  ) THEN
    SET NEW.updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP;
  END IF;
END;//
delimiter ;

您可以通过一个相当简单的示例看到它。

insert into test(name) values ("Bran"), ("Catelyn"), ("Daenerys"), ("Eddard");

-- this statement will not cause updated_at to be updated
update test
set name = 'Jon'
where name = 'Eddard';

-- this statement will cause updated_at to be updated, via the trigger
update test
set visited = '2016-06-16'
where name = 'Jon';