你跑的时候
mysql -u bill -p
得到了这个错误
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
mysqld 期待您以bill@localhost 的身份连接
尝试创建bill@localhost
CREATE USER bill@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';
grant all privileges on *.* to bill@localhost with grant option;
如果要远程连接，则必须使用 TCP/IP 指定 DNS 名称、公共 IP 或 127.0.0.1：
mysql -u bill -p -hmydb@mydomain.com
mysql -u bill -p -h10.1.2.30
mysql -u bill -p -h127.0.0.1 --protocol=TCP
登录后，请运行此
SELECT USER(),CURRENT_USER();
USER() 报告您如何尝试在 MySQL 中进行身份验证
CURRENT_USER() 报告您是如何通过 mysql.user 表
在 MySQL 中进行身份验证的
这将使您更好地了解如何以及为什么允许您登录 mysql。为什么知道这个观点很重要？它与用户身份验证排序协议有关。
这里是一个例子：我将在我的桌面 MySQL 上创建一个匿名用户
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------+-----------+
| user | host |
+---------+-----------+
| lwdba | % |
| mywife | % |
| lwdba | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| lwdba | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| vanilla | localhost |
+---------+-----------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on *.* to x@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------+-----------+
| user | host |
+---------+-----------+
| lwdba | % |
| mywife | % |
| x | % |
| lwdba | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| lwdba | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| vanilla | localhost |
+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set user='' where user='x';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------+-----------+
| user | host |
+---------+-----------+
| | % |
| lwdba | % |
| mywife | % |
| lwdba | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| lwdba | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| vanilla | localhost |
+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
好的，看我以匿名用户身份登录：
C:\MySQL_5.5.12>mysql -urol -Dtest -h127.0.0.1 --protocol=TCP
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 5.5.12-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user(),current_user();
+---------------+----------------+
| user() | current_user() |
+---------------+----------------+
| rol@localhost | @% |
+---------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
身份验证顺序非常严格。它从最具体到最少进行检查。 I wrote about this authentiation style in the DBA StackExchange.
不要忘记在必要时显式调用 TCP 作为 mysql 客户端的协议。