打开浏览器，自动完成表单组件并提交

Question

我们目前正在研究一种创建 WPF/winforms 应用程序的方法，我们可以在内部设置该应用程序：-

1. 自动打开一个新的网络浏览器实例到一个预定义的 URL
2. 使用预定义数据自动填写必填字段
3. 自动提交表单并等待下一页加载
4. 使用预定义数据自动填写必填字段（第 2 页）
5. 自动提交表单并等待下一页加载（等）

经过大量调查，我们唯一能找到的是通过以下方式打开网络浏览器：-

object o = null;

SHDocVw.InternetExplorer ie = new SHDocVw.InternetExplorer();
IWebBrowserApp wb = (IWebBrowserApp)ie;
wb.Visible = true;
wb.Navigate(url, ref o, ref o, ref o, ref o);

任何关于如何完成该过程的建议/阅读建议都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

我写了一个在 html 页面中填充元素的示例。你必须这样做：

Winform

public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            //navigate to you destination 
            webBrowser1.Navigate("https://www.certiport.com/portal/SSL/Login.aspx");
        }
        bool is_sec_page = false;
        private void webBrowser1_DocumentCompleted(object sender, WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (!is_sec_page)
            {
                //get page element with id
                webBrowser1.Document.GetElementById("c_Username").InnerText = "username";
                webBrowser1.Document.GetElementById("c_Password").InnerText = "pass";
                //login in to account(fire a login button promagatelly)
                webBrowser1.Document.GetElementById("c_LoginBtn_c_CommandBtn").InvokeMember("click");
                is_sec_page = true;
            }
            //secound page(if correctly aotanticate
            else
            {
                //intract with sec page elements with theire ids and so on
            }

        }

Wpf

public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
     webBrowser1.Navigate(new Uri("https://www.certiport.com/portal/SSL/Login.aspx"));
            }
            bool is_sec_page = false;
            mshtml.HTMLDocument htmldoc;
            private void webBrowser1_LoadCompleted(object sender, NavigationEventArgs e)
            {
                htmldoc = webBrowser1.Document as mshtml.HTMLDocument;
                if (!is_sec_page)
                {
                    //get page element with id
                    htmldoc.getElementById("c_Username").innerText = "username";
                    //or
                    //htmldoc.getElementById("c_Username")..SetAttribute("value", "username");
                    htmldoc.getElementById("c_Password").innerText = "pass";
                    //login in to account(fire a login button promagatelly)
                    htmldoc.getElementById("c_LoginBtn_c_CommandBtn").InvokeMember("click");
                    is_sec_page = true;
                }
                //secound page(if correctly aotanticate
                else
                {
                    //intract with sec page elements with theire ids and so on
                }
            }

只需导航到特定的 URL 并填充页面元素。

Answer 2

如果我理解正确，您想在网络浏览器中打开一些 URL，然后像普通用户一样与网站交互。对于此类任务，我建议您查看Selenium。虽然它通常用作回归测试自动化工具，但没有人可以阻止您将其用作浏览器自动化工具。

Selenium 有详细的documentation 和大的community。很可能您会想要使用Selenium WebDriver，它可以通过nuget 获得。

下面是一个典型的 Selenium“脚本”的小例子（取自文档）：

// Create a new instance of the Firefox driver.

// Notice that the remainder of the code relies on the interface, 
// not the implementation.

// Further note that other drivers (InternetExplorerDriver,
// ChromeDriver, etc.) will require further configuration 
// before this example will work. See the wiki pages for the
// individual drivers at http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki
// for further information.
IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

//Notice navigation is slightly different than the Java version
//This is because 'get' is a keyword in C#
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://www.google.com/");

// Find the text input element by its name
IWebElement query = driver.FindElement(By.Name("q"));

// Enter something to search for
query.SendKeys("Cheese");

// Now submit the form. WebDriver will find the form for us from the element
query.Submit();

// Google's search is rendered dynamically with JavaScript.
// Wait for the page to load, timeout after 10 seconds
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
wait.Until((d) => { return d.Title.ToLower().StartsWith("cheese"); });

// Should see: "Cheese - Google Search"
System.Console.WriteLine("Page title is: " + driver.Title);

//Close the browser
driver.Quit();

我个人建议根据用户操作（注册、登录、填写表单、在网格中选择内容、过滤网格等）来思考和组织脚本。这将为脚本提供良好的形状和可读性，而不是杂乱的硬编码代码块。本例中的脚本可能类似于：

// Fill username and password
// Click on button "login"
// Wait until page got loaded
LoginAs("johndoe@domain.com", "johndoepasswd"); 

// Follow link in navigation menu
GotoPage(Pages.Reports); 

// Fill inputs to reflect year-to-date filter
// Click on filter button
// Wait until page refreshes
ReportsView.FilterBy(ReportsView.Filters.YTD(2012)); 

// Output value of Total row from grid
Console.WriteLine(ReportsView.Grid.Total);

Answer 3

if (webBrowser1.Document != null)
{
  HtmlElementCollection elems = webBrowser1.Document.GetElementsByTagName("input");
  foreach (HtmlElement elem in elems)
  {
    String nameStr = elem.GetAttribute("name");

    if (nameStr == "email")
    {
      webBrowser1.Document.GetElementById(nameStr).SetAttribute("value", "test_email@mail.com");
    }
  }
}