【发布时间】：2010-11-26 10:03:11
【问题描述】：
我想知道是否有办法限制网站的用户，使他们只能在一定的 IP 地址范围或特定的网络内访问网站的内页？
我得到的当前 PHP 脚本无法区分真实 IP 和代理？
谢谢
【问题讨论】：
标签： php ip-address
【发布时间】：2010-11-26 10:03:11
【问题描述】：
我不会限制 IP 地址。正如你所说，你不知道它是否是代理。此外，IP 地址很容易被欺骗。
【讨论】：
-
感谢您的回答，您对如何根据位置限制访问网站有什么建议吗？
-
不，恐怕不会。你必须使用 IP 地址，但我知道没有办法“阻止代理”
-
除了使用带有密码的 .htaccess 文件之外，使用验证 IP 地址就足够了。 htaccesstools.com/htpasswd-generator
-
但是你只能使用密码……
您是否考虑过为此使用 apache .htaccess 文件？ IP restriction with htaccess
【讨论】：
代理服务器应设置X-Forwarded-For HTTP 标头，您可以使用$_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'] 查找该标头。否则$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] 可以用来获取IP 地址。正如其他人所指出的，这两者都可以很容易地被欺骗，并且不需要代理设置 X-Forwarded-For 请求标头。
在 PHP 中有一个 ip2long() 函数，它给你一个整数用于范围检查。
要获取 IP 地址的位置，您需要一个将 IP 地址范围映射到大致地理位置的查找表（此类查找表通常不是免费的）。提供 IP 地址地理定位的服务有很多，其中一些提到了here 和here。
【讨论】：
您可以试用我创建的允许非常高级的 IP 规则的脚本。我在几年前编写了它，所以我提前为它的当前形状道歉。
编辑： 如果您在语法中寻找“&”运算符，请不要打扰。我在编写代码时忘记添加它，现在回头看这个脚本让我一想到再次触摸它就畏缩不前。
<?php
##############################################################
# IP Expression Class #
# Easy IP-based Access Restrictions #
# Change Log: #
# - Added Range and limited IPv6 support #
# - Changed name from IPAR to IPEX #
# #
##############################################################
# Example Rules: #
# 69.[10-20].[^50].* #
# 69.*.[1-5 | 10-20 |^30].* #
# 60.12.2.* #
# 127.* #
# 69.1.1.1-70.1.1.1 <-- This is a range #
# #
# Usage: #
# Ipex::IsMatch($rule, $ip); #
# #
# [range] - Defines a range for a section of the IP #
# | - OR token. IP can match this range/number #
# ^ - NOT token. IP can not match this range/number #
# x-y - Defines a range from x to y #
# x - Exactly match x (x = a hex or dec number) #
# * - Match any number #
# #
#----------===============================-------------------#
# [ Written by Chris Tarquini ] #
#----------===============================-------------------#
##############################################################
define('IPR_DENY', false);
define('IPR_ALLOW', true);
define('IPR_ERR_MISMATCH',-1);
define('IPR_ERR_RANGE_MISMATCH',-2);
define('IPR_ERR_RANGE_INVALID',-3);
define('IPR_ERR_INVALID_RULE',-4);
class IPEX
{
const TOKEN_RANGE_BEGIN = '[';
const TOKEN_RANGE_END = ']';
const TOKEN_WILDCARD = '*';
const TOKEN_RANGE_SPLIT = '-';
const TOKEN_OR = '|';
const TOKEN_NOT = '^';
const DEBUG_MODE = TRUE;
private static function trace($err){if(self::DEBUG_MODE) echo "$err\r\n";}
private static function FixRule($rule,$count = 4, $split='.')
{
$rule = explode($split,$rule);
$filler = 0;
$size = sizeof($rule);
for($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++)
{
if($i > $size) { $rule[] = $filler; $size++;}
else if(empty($rule[$i])) { $filler = self::TOKEN_WILDCARD; $rule[$i] = $filler;}
}
return $rule;
}
private static function FixIP($rule,$count = 4, $split='.')
{
$rule = explode($split,$rule);
$size = sizeof($rule);
for($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++)
{
if($i > $size) { $rule[] = 0; $size++;}
else if(empty($rule[$i])) { $rule[$i] = 0;}
}
return $rule;
}
private static function GetIpType(&$ip)
{
$mode = IPID::Identify($ip,$newip);
if($mode == IPID_IPv4_Embed) { $ip = $newip; return IPID_IPv4;}
return $mode;
}
private static function FixIPRange(&$start, &$stop)
{
$count = 4; $split = '.';
if(self::GetIpType($start) == IPID_IPv6) {$count = 8; $split = ':';}
$q = 0;
while($q < 2)
{
$filler = ($q == 0) ? 0 : 255;
$arr = explode($split,($q == 0) ? $start : $stop);
$size = sizeof($arr);
for($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++)
{
if($i > $size){ $arr[] = $filler; $size++;}
else if(empty($arr[$i])){ $arr[$i] = $filler; }
}
if($q == 0) $start = implode($split, $arr);
else $stop = implode($split,$arr);
$q++;
}
}
public static function IsInRange($start, $stop, $ip)
{
//Sorry guys we only support IPv4 for this ;(
self::FixIPRange($start,$stop);
self::trace("fixed: start = $start, stop = $stop");
$start = ip2long($start); $stop = ip2long($stop);
$ip = ip2long($ip);
self::trace("start = $start, stop = $stop, ip = $ip");
return ($ip >= $start && $ip <= $stop);
}
public static function IsAllowed($rule, $ip){return self::IsMatch($rule,$ip);}
public static function IsMatch($rule,$ip)
{
$mode = self::GetIpType($ip);
self::trace("ip type: $mode");
if(strpos($rule, self::TOKEN_RANGE_SPLIT) !== false && strpos($rule,self::TOKEN_RANGE_BEGIN) === false)
{
self::trace("ip range mode");
$test = explode(self::TOKEN_RANGE_SPLIT, $rule);
self::trace("range size: ".sizeof($test));
print_r($test);
if(sizeof($test) != 2) return IPR_ERR_RANGE_INVALID;
$start = $test[0]; $end = $test[1];
if(empty($start) || empty($end)) return IPR_ERR_RANGE_INVALID;
self::trace("range start: $start, range stop: $end");
$rm1 = (self::IsHex($start)) ? $mode : self::GetIpType($start);
$rm2 = (self::IsHex($end)) ? $mode : self::GetIpType($end);
self::trace("range types: $rm1, $rm2\r\nip type: $mode");
if($rm1 != $rm2 || $rm1 != $mode) return IPR_ERR_RANGE_MISMATCH;
if($mode == IPID_IPv6) { return IPR_ERR_IPv6_NOTSUPPORTED;}
return self::IsInRange($start,$end,$ip);
}
if(self::GetIpType($rule) != $mode) return IPR_ERR_MISMATCH;
//all is good so far
$count = 4;
$split = '.'; if($mode==IPID_IPv6){$count = 8; $split=':';}
$rule = self::FixRule($rule, $count,$split);
$ip = self::FixIp($ip,$count,$split);
self::trace("ip: ".implode($split,$ip));
self::trace('rule: '.implode($split,$rule));
for($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++)
{
$r = str_replace(' ', '', $rule[$i]);
$ri = false;
if($r == self::TOKEN_WILDCARD) continue;
if($mode == IPPID_IPv6 && self::IsHex($r)) { $ri = hexdec($r);}else if(is_numeric($r)) $ri = $r;
$x = $ip[$i];
if($mode == IPPID_IPv6) $x = hexdec($x);
//* Exact Match *//
self::trace("rule[$i]: $ri");
self::trace("ip[$i]: $x");
if($ri !== false && $ri != $x) return IPR_DENY;
$len = strlen($r);
for($y = 0; $y < $len; $y++)
{
self::trace("y = $y");
if(substr($r, $y,1) == self::TOKEN_RANGE_BEGIN)
{
++$y;
self::trace("found range, y = $y");
$negflag = false;
$start = false;
$stop = false;
$allows = 0;
$denys = 0;
$q = 0;
$c = substr($r,$y,1);
while($c !== false)
{
self::trace("in range, char: $c");
//* Flags *//
$break = false;
$exec = false;
$toggle = false;
$reset = false;
if($c === self::TOKEN_RANGE_END) {$skiphex = true;$break = true; $exec = true; self::trace("found end of range");}
if($c === self::TOKEN_NOT) {if($q > 0){ $toggle = true; $exec = true;} else $negflag = !$negflag; $skiphex =false; self::trace("found TOKEN_NOT");}
if($c === self::TOKEN_OR) { $exec = true; $reset = true;$skiphex=true;self::trace("found TOKEN_OR");}
if($c === self::TOKEN_RANGE_SPLIT){ $skiphex = false;++$q; self::trace("found range split");}
//* Read Hex Tokens *//
if(!$skiphex && self::IsHexChar($c))
{
$n = self::ReadNextHexToken($r,$y);
if($mode == IPID_IPv6) $n = hexdec($n);
if($q == 0) $start = $n;
else if($q == 1) $stop = $n;
--$y; //fixes error
self::trace("parsed number: $n, y = $y");
}
if($reset) {$negflag = false; $start = false; $stop = false; $q = 0;}
if($exec)
{
self::trace("executing: start = $start, stop = $stop, x = $x");
self::trace("negflag = $negflag");
if($stop !== false && $x >= $start && $x <= $stop)
{
if($negflag) { ++$denys; $allows = 0; break;}
else ++$allows;
}
else if($stop === false && $start == $x)
{
if($negflag) { ++$denys; $allows = 0; break;}
else ++$allows;
}
self::trace("exec complete: allows = $allows, denys = $denys");
$q = 0;
}
if($toggle) $negflag = !$negflag;
if($break) break;
++$y;
$c = substr($r,$y,1);
}
if(!$allows) return IPR_DENY;
}
}
}
return IPR_ALLOW;
}
private static function ReadNextHexToken($buff, &$offset, $max = -1)
{
$str = '';
if($max == -1) { $max = strlen($buff);}
for(; $offset < $max; $offset++)
{
$c = substr($buff,$offset, 1);
if(self::IsHexChar($c))
$str .= $c;
else
return $str;
}
return $str;
}
private static function IsHex($x){ $len = strlen($x); for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) if(!self::IsHexChar(substr($x,$i,1))) return false; return true;}
private static function IsHexChar($x){self::trace("isHex($x);"); return (in_array(strtoupper($x),array('0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F')));
}
}
######################
# IP Identify Class #
#####################
define('IPID_INVALID',false);
define('IPID_IPv4',2);
define('IPID_IPv6',3);
define('IPID_IPv4_Embed',6);
class IPID
{
public static function Identify($ip,&$ipconvert = false)
{
$ip = strtoupper($ip);
$ipconvert = $ip;
// Check if we are IPv4
if(strpos($ip,':') === false && strpos($ip,'.') !== false)
return IPID_IPv4;
//Is it one of those hybrids?
else if(strpos($ip,':FFFF') !== false && strpos($ip,'.') !== false)
{
$ipconvert = substr($ip,strpos($ip,':FFFF:')+6);
return IPID_IPv4_Embed;
}
// Is it IPv6?
else if(strpos($ip,':') !== false) return IPID_IPv6;
// What the...?
return IPID_INVALID;
}
}
?>
你可以使用它，只要你不尝试转售它并且保持标题不变。
【讨论】：
<?php
//This function returns True if visitor IP is allowed.
//Otherwise it returns False.
function CheckAccess()
{
//allowed IP. Change it to your static IP
$allowedip = '127.0.0.1';
$ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
return ($ip == $allowedip);
}
【讨论】：