提高查询时间 sql ip 查找数据库答案

【问题标题】：improving query times a sql ip lookup database提高查询时间 sql ip 查找数据库
【发布时间】：2011-03-11 21:06:18
【问题描述】：

我在 sql server 2005 中有一个表，其中包含一个 IP 范围和相应的信息（国家/城市/等）。大约有 300 万行，目前根据下面的查询返回一条记录只需半秒多一点。

DECLARE @ip BIGINT
SELECT @ip=3561360969

SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip and @ip <= ipto

任何人都可以提供任何建议来改善查询时间，因为我正在构建的系统需要每秒处理大约 10 个这样的查询。我已经完成了以下操作，但并没有大大改善查询时间...

将数据库设置为只读
使用了 NOLOCK 表提示
索引 ipfrom 和 ipto 列

任何想法将不胜感激！

提姆

编辑： xml执行计划如下：

<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan" Version="1.0" Build="9.00.4053.00"><BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple StatementText="set statistics time on&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;" StatementId="1" StatementCompId="1" StatementType="SET STATS"/><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;DECLARE @ip BIGINT&#xd;&#xa;SELECT @ip=3561360969&#xd;" StatementId="2" StatementCompId="2" StatementType="ASSIGN"/><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;SELECT top 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city&#xd;&#xa;FROM tbl_ip &#xd;&#xa;WHERE ipfrom &lt;= @ip and @ip &lt;= ipto&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;" StatementId="3" StatementCompId="3" StatementType="SELECT" StatementSubTreeCost="0.00337934" StatementEstRows="1" StatementOptmLevel="TRIVIAL"><StatementSetOptions QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="false" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="false" ANSI_NULLS="false" ANSI_PADDING="false" ANSI_WARNINGS="false" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false"/><QueryPlan CachedPlanSize="8" CompileTime="0" CompileCPU="0" CompileMemory="120"><RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Top" LogicalOp="Top" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="1e-007" AvgRowSize="393" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00337934" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><Top RowCount="0" IsPercent="0" WithTies="0"><TopExpression><ScalarOperator ScalarString="(1)"><Const ConstValue="(1)"/></ScalarOperator></TopExpression><RelOp NodeId="1" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="28.1505" EstimateCPU="3.77105" AvgRowSize="393" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00337724" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><IndexScan Ordered="0" ForcedIndex="0" NoExpandHint="0"><DefinedValues><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></DefinedValue></DefinedValues><Object Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Index="[PK_tbl_IP2]"/><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPFrom]&lt;=[@ip] AND [@ip]&lt;=[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo]"><Logical Operation="AND"><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Logical></ScalarOperator></Predicate></IndexScan></RelOp></Top></RelOp></QueryPlan></StmtSimple><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;set statistics time off" StatementId="4" StatementCompId="4" StatementType="SET STATS"/></Statements></Batch></BatchSequence></ShowPlanXML>

在ipfrom, ipto上有索引的执行计划

<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan" Version="1.0" Build="9.00.4053.00"><BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple StatementText="DECLARE @ip BIGINT&#xd;&#xa;SELECT @ip=3561360969&#xd;" StatementId="1" StatementCompId="1" StatementType="ASSIGN"/><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;SELECT top 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city&#xd;&#xa;FROM tbl_ip &#xd;&#xa;WHERE ipfrom &lt;= @ip and @ip &lt;= ipto&#xd;&#xa;ORDER BY ipto&#xd;&#xa;" StatementId="2" StatementCompId="2" StatementType="SELECT" StatementSubTreeCost="224.264" StatementEstRows="1" StatementOptmLevel="FULL"><StatementSetOptions QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="false" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="false" ANSI_NULLS="false" ANSI_PADDING="false" ANSI_WARNINGS="false" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false"/><QueryPlan CachedPlanSize="10" CompileTime="1" CompileCPU="1" CompileMemory="160"><RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Sort" LogicalOp="TopN Sort" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="182.872" EstimateCPU="6.45397" AvgRowSize="393" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="224.264" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><MemoryFractions Input="0" Output="1"/><TopSort Distinct="0" Rows="1"><OrderBy><OrderByColumn Ascending="1"><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></OrderByColumn></OrderBy><RelOp NodeId="1" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimateRows="308528" EstimateIO="28.1505" EstimateCPU="3.77105" AvgRowSize="393" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="31.9216" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><IndexScan Ordered="0" ForcedIndex="0" NoExpandHint="0"><DefinedValues><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></DefinedValue></DefinedValues><Object Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Index="[PK_tbl_IP2]"/><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPFrom]&lt;=[@ip] AND [@ip]&lt;=[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo]"><Logical Operation="AND"><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Logical></ScalarOperator></Predicate></IndexScan></RelOp></TopSort></RelOp></QueryPlan></StmtSimple></Statements></Batch></BatchSequence></ShowPlanXML>

Martin Smiths 查询的执行计划：

<ShowPlanXML xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan" Version="1.0" Build="9.00.4053.00"><BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple StatementText="--set showplan_xml on&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;&#xa;set statistics time on&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;" StatementId="1" StatementCompId="1" StatementType="SET STATS"/><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;DECLARE @ip BIGINT&#xd;&#xa;SELECT @ip=3561360969&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;" StatementId="2" StatementCompId="2" StatementType="ASSIGN"/><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;SELECT id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city FROM&#xd;&#xa;(&#xd;&#xa;SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city&#xd;&#xa;FROM tbl_ip &#xd;&#xa;WHERE @ip &lt;= ipto&#xd;&#xa;ORDER BY ipto&#xd;&#xa;INTERSECT&#xd;&#xa;SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city&#xd;&#xa;FROM tbl_ip &#xd;&#xa;WHERE ipfrom &lt;= @ip&#xd;&#xa;ORDER BY ipfrom DESC&#xd;&#xa;) ip&#xd;&#xa;&#xd;" StatementId="3" StatementCompId="3" StatementType="SELECT" StatementSubTreeCost="226.409" StatementEstRows="1" StatementOptmLevel="FULL"><StatementSetOptions QUOTED_IDENTIFIER="false" ARITHABORT="true" CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL="false" ANSI_NULLS="false" ANSI_PADDING="false" ANSI_WARNINGS="false" NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT="false"/><QueryPlan CachedPlanSize="33" CompileTime="6" CompileCPU="6" CompileMemory="376"><MissingIndexes><MissingIndexGroup Impact="10.1146"><MissingIndex Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]"><ColumnGroup Usage="INEQUALITY"><Column Name="[IPTo]" ColumnId="3"/></ColumnGroup><ColumnGroup Usage="INCLUDE"><Column Name="[Id]" ColumnId="1"/><Column Name="[IPFrom]" ColumnId="2"/><Column Name="[CountryCode]" ColumnId="4"/><Column Name="[CountryName]" ColumnId="5"/><Column Name="[Region]" ColumnId="6"/><Column Name="[City]" ColumnId="7"/></ColumnGroup></MissingIndex></MissingIndexGroup></MissingIndexes><RelOp NodeId="0" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops" LogicalOp="Left Semi Join" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="4.18e-006" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="226.409" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><NestedLoops Optimized="0"><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[Id]=[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[Id] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPFrom] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPFrom] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[CountryCode] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[CountryCode] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[CountryName] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[CountryName] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[Region] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[Region] AND [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[City] = [RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[City]"><Logical Operation="AND"><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="EQ"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Compare CompareOp="IS"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Logical></ScalarOperator></Predicate><RelOp NodeId="1" PhysicalOp="Filter" LogicalOp="Filter" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="4.8e-007" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="226.399" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><Filter StartupExpression="0"><RelOp NodeId="2" PhysicalOp="Sort" LogicalOp="TopN Sort" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="163.119" EstimateCPU="29.7123" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="226.399" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><MemoryFractions Input="0" Output="0"/><TopSort Distinct="0" Rows="1"><OrderBy><OrderByColumn Ascending="1"><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></OrderByColumn></OrderBy><RelOp NodeId="3" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Scan" EstimateRows="1.02843e+006" EstimateIO="28.1505" EstimateCPU="3.77105" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="31.9216" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><IndexScan Ordered="0" ForcedIndex="0" NoExpandHint="0"><DefinedValues><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></DefinedValue></DefinedValues><Object Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Index="[PK_tbl_IP2]" TableReferenceId="1"/><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[@ip]&lt;=[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo]"><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Predicate></IndexScan></RelOp></TopSort></RelOp><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPFrom]&lt;=[@ip]"><Compare CompareOp="LE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Predicate></Filter></RelOp><RelOp NodeId="5" PhysicalOp="Filter" LogicalOp="Filter" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="4.8e-007" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00985397" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><Filter StartupExpression="0"><RelOp NodeId="6" PhysicalOp="Top" LogicalOp="Top" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="1e-007" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00985349" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><Top RowCount="0" IsPercent="0" WithTies="0"><TopExpression><ScalarOperator ScalarString="(1)"><Const ConstValue="(1)"/></ScalarOperator></TopExpression><RelOp NodeId="7" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops" LogicalOp="Inner Join" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0" EstimateCPU="4.29882" AvgRowSize="86" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00985339" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><NestedLoops Optimized="0" WithOrderedPrefetch="1"><OuterReferences><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Column="Expr1006"/></OuterReferences><RelOp NodeId="9" PhysicalOp="Index Seek" LogicalOp="Index Seek" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="2.45201" EstimateCPU="1.13142" AvgRowSize="27" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.0032831" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="0" EstimateRewinds="0"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></OutputList><IndexScan Ordered="1" ScanDirection="BACKWARD" ForcedIndex="0" NoExpandHint="0"><DefinedValues><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></DefinedValue></DefinedValues><Object Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Index="[idx_ipfrom_ipto]" TableReferenceId="2"/><SeekPredicates><SeekPredicate><EndRange ScanType="LE"><RangeColumns><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPFrom"/></RangeColumns><RangeExpressions><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[@ip]"><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></RangeExpressions></EndRange></SeekPredicate></SeekPredicates></IndexScan></RelOp><RelOp NodeId="11" PhysicalOp="Clustered Index Seek" LogicalOp="Clustered Index Seek" EstimateRows="1" EstimateIO="0.003125" EstimateCPU="0.0001581" AvgRowSize="373" EstimatedTotalSubtreeCost="0.00669221" Parallel="0" EstimateRebinds="1" EstimateRewinds="0.797604"><OutputList><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></OutputList><IndexScan Lookup="1" Ordered="1" ScanDirection="FORWARD" ForcedIndex="0" NoExpandHint="0"><DefinedValues><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryCode"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="CountryName"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Region"/></DefinedValue><DefinedValue><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="City"/></DefinedValue></DefinedValues><Object Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Index="[PK_tbl_IP2]" TableReferenceId="-1"/><SeekPredicates><SeekPredicate><Prefix ScanType="EQ"><RangeColumns><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></RangeColumns><RangeExpressions><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[Id]"><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="Id"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></RangeExpressions></Prefix></SeekPredicate></SeekPredicates></IndexScan></RelOp></NestedLoops></RelOp></Top></RelOp><Predicate><ScalarOperator ScalarString="[RecruitmentIP].[dbo].[tbl_IP].[IPTo]&gt;=[@ip]"><Compare CompareOp="GE"><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Database="[RecruitmentIP]" Schema="[dbo]" Table="[tbl_IP]" Column="IPTo"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator><ScalarOperator><Identifier><ColumnReference Column="@ip"/></Identifier></ScalarOperator></Compare></ScalarOperator></Predicate></Filter></RelOp></NestedLoops></RelOp></QueryPlan></StmtSimple><StmtSimple StatementText="&#xa;set statistics time off" StatementId="4" StatementCompId="4" StatementType="SET STATS"/></Statements></Batch></BatchSequence></ShowPlanXML>

【问题讨论】：

目前 Query 缺少 ORDER BY'. Select Top 1` 由什么排序？
这个数据相对静态吗？可能是客户端缓存数据的机会。
@Martin Smith，每个查询只返回一行，因此 TOP 1 不是必需的，但使用它会缩短 50 毫秒的查询时间
@JohnC，是的，数据可能每年只会更改几次。您是建议缓存整个数据库还是仅缓存单个结果？
@tt83 - 您能否发布实际执行计划 XML，以便我们查看昂贵的操作。这绝对看起来应该可以通过简单地添加正确的索引来解决。

标签： sql sql-server ip-address geocoding ip

【解决方案1】：

如果您确定结果数据只有一行，那么您可以使用 ForceSeek 选项

【讨论】：

能否详细解释一下

【解决方案2】：

还有一个更简单合乎逻辑的解决方案：

1) 在您的 ip_country 表中创建一个额外的列： Arange 实际上是 ip_from / 16777216

2) 在 Arange 上创建聚集索引，ip_from

3) 在查询中使用“[ipaddress]/16777216 =Arange and [ipaddress] between ip_from 和 ip_to”

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

我认为即使使用索引ipfrom，ipto，查询也很慢的主要原因是引擎无法正确使用索引。

它采用第一个条件ipfrom <= @ip 并且能够为此使用索引，但是这种不等式的选择范围很小，如果您的 ip 范围覆盖所有 ip 并且不重叠，那么索引只有一个 ipto每个 ipfrom 索引叶子的 条目。

这不是很有用，它最终会进行全索引扫描（假设 1）。

所以，要加快速度，有几个技巧

1) 如果select @ip_max_delta = max(ipto-ipfrom) 不大（约1000 条记录），您可以添加WHERE ipfrom > (@ip - @ip_max_delta)（仅当ip 存储为int 时才能直接使用）。这适用于任何以 ipfrom

开头的索引

2)

SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip
ORDER BY ipfrom DESC

这应该会很快返回（尤其是如果您在 ipfrom 上进行集群，并且您应该因为您的数据很少更改）。

如果上面没有快速返回，能否测试一下下面查询的执行时间（和计划），仅供参考

SELECT id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom = @ip

（选择存在于 ipfrom 列中的现有@ip）

EDIT2：Re Martin 的解决方案

我看不出有理由 a) 使用交集/子查询和 b) 来维护两个索引

SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip
ORDER BY ipfrom DESC

如果连续行中 ipfrom 和 ipto 之间存在相关性，则应返回与 Martin 的查询相同的结果。如果没有，则可以直接应用附加条件

SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip AND @ip <= ipto
ORDER BY ipfrom DESC

这个查询与开始查询非常相似，但 ORDER BY 应该允许解析器选择更好的计划（未验证）。如果没有，那么

SELECT id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM
(SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip
ORDER BY ipfrom DESC) s
WHERE @ip <= ipto

应该可以解决问题，并且只需要 ipfrom 上的索引。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

您的聚集索引是否在 id 上？如果是这样，您可以将其更改为 ipfrom, ipto。

【讨论】：

虽然不是真正的问题。它只返回一行。
而且不会更快地遍历聚集索引？
虽然这会对查询有所帮助，但查询的主要问题是查询优化器没有意识到 'ipfrom' 和 'ipto' 列之间存在相关性，因此不必要地扫描了很多行.
是的，现在我看看执行计划我明白你的意思了

【解决方案5】：

尝试将此添加到 WHERE 子句 AND ipfrom

【讨论】：

还是不行。在原始索引 (ipfrom, ipto) 上，上述条件无济于事（特别是因为索引上的每个 ipfrom 叶最多有一个 ipto 条目；这意味着必须扫描索引）。

【解决方案6】：

这表现如何？我希望它应该使用 ipto 上的索引查找来快速解析顶部，ipfrom 上的索引查找来解析底部，并使用 2 个（或可能一个）书签查找来让其余列返回。

SELECT id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city FROM
(
SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE @ip <= ipto
ORDER BY ipto
INTERSECT
SELECT TOP 1 id, ipfrom, ipto, countrycode, countryname,region,city
FROM tbl_ip 
WHERE ipfrom <= @ip
ORDER BY ipfrom DESC
) ip

【讨论】：

好的，我已经重新发布了执行计划。我之前发布的计划没有使用索引，因为我实际上已经取消了它们。新计划正在使用索引。
@tt83 - 你能确认我关于列之间相关性的假设是否正确吗？
刚刚检查了您的假设，即一行中的 ipto 在下一行中的 ipfrom 之前，您是正确的！
我已经尝试过该查询，不幸的是，它的执行时间大约是原始查询的两倍。
@tt83 你能发布那个的执行计划吗？

【解决方案7】：

如果 ip 范围从 2 的幂开始（它们应该），您可以利用 ip = ipfrom 或 ip = ipfrom & 11...10 或 ip = ipfrom & 11...00 等事实。 .

32 个索引查找应该比索引范围扫描更快。

只是一个想法。

【讨论】：

这看起来很有趣，但说实话有点超出我的认知。你能根据你的帖子做一个示例查询吗？

【解决方案8】：

您可能需要将数据分成两个表：IPData（ipfrom、ipto、locationid）和 LocationData（locationid、countryname、city 等）

我会将 where 子句更改为：

WHERE @ip BETWEEN ipfrom AND ipto

【讨论】：

【解决方案9】：

我看到了两种减少执行时间的方法

1. 一个简单的方法是缓存整个 3m 的记录并使用 .NET 本机数据集来检索 IP 范围内的所需项目。这显然会消耗您的服务器 CPU，但您不会每秒调用 10 次 DB。

2. 更难的是将 IP 拆分到不同的表中，例如 IPRanges1 .... IPRanges9。因此，一旦您获得用户 IP 并想要查询其他详细信息，您只需传递以查询具有 IP 第一位数字的另一个参数。这会将通过 3M 的循环减少到 3m/9（或类似的东西）。执行时间的减少将是显而易见的。如果你把它和缓存方法结合起来，你最终会得到一些合适的东西。

【讨论】：

【解决方案10】：

你的索引是什么？如果你有一个覆盖索引会有所帮助吗？所以ipfrom，ipto在一个索引上？然后甚至可以在该索引中“包含”id、国家代码、国家名称、地区和城市字段，因此系统不必转到数据页面来获取该数据。

-克里普

【讨论】：

只有一个索引结合了 ipfrom 和 ipto 列。有趣的是，如果我从表中删除索引，对执行时间没有影响。我没有尝试包括其他字段。我很快就会试一试。
如果您有聚集索引以及涵盖哪些字段，也值得了解。

【解决方案11】：

可能是审查改变架构的可能性？（使用 MSSQL 提示我可以使用 .Net）由于您使用只读数据库，请查看一些：内存数据库。或尝试适用于 .Net 的 OracleCoherence (http://coherence.oracle.com/)

【讨论】：

谢谢，我会看看这个。