【发布时间】：2015-01-25 21:14:13
【问题描述】：
我使用 Python 的 SMTPLib 编写了一个简单的 SMTP 客户端。只是尝试添加一些错误处理 - 特别是在这种情况下，当要连接的目标服务器不可用时（例如，指定了错误的 IP！）
目前，回溯如下所示：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "smtplib_client.py", line 91, in runClient
try:
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/smtplib.py", line 251, in __init__
(code, msg) = self.connect(host, port)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/smtplib.py", line 311, in connect
self.sock = self._get_socket(host, port, self.timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/smtplib.py", line 286, in _get_socket
return socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 571, in create_connection
raise err
socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection refused
很明显，socket.py 中的“create_connection”正在爆炸。这有它自己的 try / except 块：
for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
sock = None
try:
sock = socket(af, socktype, proto)
if timeout is not _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
sock.settimeout(timeout)
if source_address:
sock.bind(source_address)
sock.connect(sa)
return sock
except error as _:
err = _
if sock is not None:
sock.close()
if err is not None:
raise err
else:
raise error("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")
我的 runClient() 函数如下所示：
def runClient(configName = 'default', testFile = './test.xml'):
cliCfg = getClientConfig(configName)
print cliCfg.find('logfile').text
# startLogger(cliCfg.find('logfile').text)
clientCert = cliCfg.find('cert').text
clientKey = cliCfg.find('key').text
serverHost = cliCfg.find('serverhost').text
serverPort = int(cliCfg.find('serverport').text)
myMail = MailMessageHandler()
msgSrc = myMail.readMessageSource(testFile)
allMsgs = myMail.processMessages(msgSrc)
inx = 1
for msg in allMsgs:
validMsg = True
requiredKeys = ('ehlo', 'sndr', 'rcpt', 'body')
for msgItems in requiredKeys:
if len(msg[msgItems]) == 0:
validMsg = False
if validMsg:
try:
server = smtplib.SMTP(serverHost, serverPort)
server.ehlo(msg['ehlo'])
thisSender = msg['sndr']
thisRecipient = msg['rcpt']
thisMessage = MIMEText(msg['body'])
thisMessage['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('', thisRecipient))
thisMessage['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('', thisSender))
thisMessage['Subject'] = msg['subject']
thisMessage['Message-id'] = email.utils.make_msgid()
now = datetime.now()
day = now.strftime('%a')
date = now.strftime('%d %b %Y %X')
thisMessage['Date'] = day + ', ' + date + ' -0000'
if msg['tls'].lower() == 'true':
server.starttls('certs/client/client.key', 'certs/client/client.crt')
logging.info ("Message: " + thisMessage['Message-id'] + " to be sent over TLS")
server.sendmail(thisSender, thisRecipient.split(","), thisMessage.as_string())
logging.info ("Message: " + thisMessage['Message-id'] + " sent successfully to " + serverHost + ":" + cliCfg.find('serverport').text)
logging.info ("Message: " + thisMessage['Message-id'] + " had sender: " + thisMessage['From'])
logging.info ("Message: " + thisMessage['Message-id'] + " had recipient(s): " + thisMessage['To'])
except socket.error as e:
print "Could not connect to server - is it down? ({0}): {1}".format(e.strerrror)
except:
print "Unknown error:", sys.exc_info()[0]
finally:
server.quit()
else:
print "Improperly formatted source mail - please check"
我没有得到的是 - 回溯显示对 raise err 的调用。很明显err 不是None，因此必须将其设置为except error as _:....的一部分。因此最初会处理错误，但作为处理程序的一部分，会创建一个副本（err）-随后在 try/except 块之外引发 - 所以未处理。然后，这个未处理的错误应该被“传递回”调用堆栈（get_socket 没有 try/except 块，connect 或 __init__ 也没有 - 所以在原始 error 的 try/except 块之外create_connection，错误的副本，err 肯定应该“级联”回到我的 runClient 函数中的 try/except 块？
【问题讨论】：
-
您想在
runClient中捕获什么异常？ -
socket.error: [Errno 111] 连接被拒绝
-
except socket.error as e:为我工作。您能否提供更多有关您如何尝试捕获它的信息？ -
已编辑问题以包含 runClient 代码...希望对您有所帮助...
-
所以即使使用第二个 except 语句也不会被捕获，它应该捕获所有内容......尝试剥离你的代码，留下一个 MVE。正如我所说，我尝试以与您完全相同的方式捕获异常，并且它对我有用。
标签： python error-handling try-catch smtplib