整理声明的 SQL 变量

Question

我一直在查看下面转载的 this code,，它寻找非 ASCII 字符...

select line,
  patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, Line) as [Position],
  substring(Line, patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, Line), 1) as [InvalidCharacter],
  ascii(substring(line, patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, Line), 1)) as [ASCIICode]
from staging.APARMRE1
where patindex('%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, Line) > 0

我想为'%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN 声明一个变量而不是每次都写出来，但

declare @regex varchar(20) = '%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN;

select line,
  patindex(@regex, Line) as [Position],
  substring(Line, patindex(@regex, Line), 1) as [InvalidCharacter],
  ascii(substring(line, patindex(@regex, Line), 1)) as [ASCIICode]
from staging.APARMRE1
where patindex(@regex, Line) > 0

只是不做同样的事情。我只是缺少一些语法吗？不可能吗？

Answer 1

这很正常。创建变量时，它采用数据库的默认排序规则。

DECLARE @regex varchar(20) = '%[^ !-~]%' COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN;

带有COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN 的字符串被隐式转换为带有数据库默认排序规则的字符串。

---

例如数据库是Case-Insensitive。我使用您的语法创建区分大小写的语法并检查它的元数据：

DECLARE @v1 varchar(100) = 'ABC' COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS;

SELECT name, collation_name
FROM sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set(
    N'SELECT @v1 AS [@v1]', N'@v1 varchar(100)', 0);

LiveDemo

输出：

╔══════╦══════════════════════════════╗
║ name ║        collation_name        ║
╠══════╬══════════════════════════════╣
║ @v1  ║ SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS ║
╚══════╩══════════════════════════════╝

变量（不包括表变量中的列）不允许定义排序规则，因此没有如下语法：

DECLARE @v1 varchar(100) COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS = 'ABC' ;
-- Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'COLLATE'.