无法使用 Jena 从 owl 检索结果

【问题标题】：Unable to retrieve results from owl using Jena无法使用 Jena 从 owl 检索结果
【发布时间】：2012-12-20 08:04:15
【问题描述】：

首先，我使用 Protege 4 创建了自己的示例本体。我的实际目标是开发一个语义 Web 应用程序，该应用程序可以从对象属性中受益，从而为用户提供一些东西。创建本体后，我将添加动态数据，因此我需要使用 *Jena API *。为了演示，我创建了示例实例。但是当我尝试检索结果时，我什么也没得到。

也许我在 SPARQL 查询中遗漏了某些内容。

private static final String baseUri = "http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#";

private static void modelReadFile(String filename, Model model) {
    try {
        File f = new File(filename);
        FileReader fr = new FileReader(f);
        model.read(fr, baseUri);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}


private static void printModel(Model model) {
    String queryString =
        "PREFIX lib: <http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl>" +
        "SELECT ?name ?surname " +
        "FROM <http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl>" +
        "WHERE {" +
        "?name lib:take \"JavaProgramming\" " +
        "}";
    System.out.println(queryString);
    Query query = QueryFactory.create(queryString);
    QueryExecution qe = QueryExecutionFactory.create(query, model);
    ResultSet results = qe.execSelect();
    ResultSetFormatter.out(System.out, results, query);
    qe.close();
}


public static void main(String[] args) {
    Model model = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel();
    modelReadFile("/home/talha/ontologies/alisveris.owl", model);

    // Create properties for the different types of relationship to represent
    Property take = model.createProperty(baseUri, "take");
    Property isTakenBy = model.createProperty(baseUri, "isTakenBy");
    Property published = model.createProperty(baseUri, "published");
    Property publishedBy = model.createProperty(baseUri, "publishedBy");

    // User data properties
    Property userId = model.createProperty(baseUri, "userId");
    Property name = model.createProperty(baseUri, "name");
    Property surname = model.createProperty(baseUri, "surname");
    Property username = model.createProperty(baseUri, "username");
    Property password = model.createProperty(baseUri, "password");
    Property gender = model.createProperty(baseUri, "gender");
    Property age = model.createProperty(baseUri, "age");
    // Publisher data properties
    Property publisherId = model.createProperty(baseUri, "publisherId");
    Property publisherName = model.createProperty(baseUri, "publisherName");
    // Book data properties
    Property bookId = model.createProperty(baseUri, "bookId");
    Property bookName = model.createProperty(baseUri, "bookName");
    Property bookGenre = model.createProperty(baseUri, "bookGenre");
    Property pageCount = model.createProperty(baseUri, "pageCount");
    Property isbn = model.createProperty(baseUri, "isbn");
    Property bookRating = model.createProperty(baseUri, "bookRating");


    Resource talha = model.createResource(baseUri + "Talha");
    Resource javaProgramming = model.createResource(baseUri + "JavaProgramming");
    // and so on for other family members

    talha.addProperty(userId, "1");
    talha.addProperty(name, "Talha");
    talha.addProperty(surname, "Kabakuş");
    talha.addProperty(username, "talhak");
    talha.addProperty(password, "00");
    talha.addProperty(gender, "1");
    talha.addProperty(age, "23");


    javaProgramming.addProperty(bookId, "1");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(publisherId, "1");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(bookName, "Java Programming");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(bookGenre, "1");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(pageCount, "200");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(isbn, "121321312");
    javaProgramming.addProperty(bookRating, "3");

    // Add properties to adam describing relationships to other family members
    talha.addProperty(take, javaProgramming);

    Statement s = ResourceFactory.createStatement(talha, take, javaProgramming);
    model.add(s); // add the statement (triple) to the model
    printModel(model);
}

这是我得到的结果：

------------------
| name | surname |
==================
------------------

最后是我的示例本体：

<?xml version="1.0"?>


<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [
    <!ENTITY owl "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" >
    <!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" >
    <!ENTITY rdfs "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
    <!ENTITY rdf "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" >
    <!ENTITY alisveris "http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#" >
]>


<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#"
     xml:base="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl"
     xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
     xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
     xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
     xmlns:alisveris="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#">
    <owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl"/>



    <!-- 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Object Properties
    //
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     -->




    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#isTakenBy -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;isTakenBy">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#published -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;published">
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Publisher"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#publishedBy -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;publishedBy">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&alisveris;Publisher"/>
        <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="&alisveris;published"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#take -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;take">
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
        <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="&alisveris;isTakenBy"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>



    <!-- 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Data properties
    //
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     -->




    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#age -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;age">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#bookGenre -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;bookGenre">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#bookId -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;bookId">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#bookName -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;bookName">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#bookRating -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;bookRating">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#gender -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;gender">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#isbn -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;isbn">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#name -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;name">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#pageCount -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;pageCount">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#password -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;password">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#publisherId -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;publisherId">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Book"/>
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Publisher"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#publisherName -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;publisherName">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;Publisher"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#rating -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;rating"/>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#surname -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;surname">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#userId -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;userId">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#username -->

    <owl:DatatypeProperty rdf:about="&alisveris;username">
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&alisveris;User"/>
    </owl:DatatypeProperty>



    <!-- 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Classes
    //
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     -->




    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#Book -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;Book">
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="&alisveris;Publisher"/>
    </owl:Class>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#Female -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;Female">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&alisveris;Gender"/>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="&alisveris;Male"/>
    </owl:Class>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#Gender -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;Gender"/>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#Male -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;Male">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&alisveris;Gender"/>
    </owl:Class>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#Publisher -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;Publisher">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&owl;Thing"/>
    </owl:Class>



    <!-- http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#User -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&alisveris;User"/>
</rdf:RDF>

【问题讨论】：

标签： semantics sparql semantic-web jena protege


【解决方案1】： 
PREFIX lib: <http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl>

你需要一个#来同意baseURI：

PREFIX lib: <http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl#>

你也不需要

FROM <http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl>

您正在使用model 提供数据。

【讨论】：

  • 非常感谢您的回复；我根据您的建议更改了代码，但还是一样。
  • 尝试在构建后和查询前打印出模型，以确保数据符合查询的预期。您无需阅读本体 - 这是一个纯数据问题。
  • 但我在本体中定义了对象和数据属性。我所需要的只是创建一个本体模型并通过该模型加载数据。当我打印出模型时，我看到了我在本体中定义的确切内容。请您指导我如何实现我的目标？
  • 我创建了另一个查询，列出了图书及其所有者的姓名：PREFIX lib: &lt;http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl#&gt; PREFIX book: &lt;http://www.semanticweb.com/ontologies/alisveris.owl#JavaProgramming&gt; SELECT ?bookName1 ?name1 WHERE { ?book1 lib:isTakenBy ?user1 . ?user1 lib:name ?name1 . ?book1 lib:bookName ?bookName1 . } 这也没有返回任何内容。
【解决方案2】：

这个答案也在the duplicate on answers.semanticweb.com。

您的查询要求一个三元组，其中对象是文字"JavaProgramming"，但代码Resource javaProgramming = model.createResource(baseUri + "JavaProgramming"); 创建了一个资源。您需要查询资源而不是字符串。除了本体代码之外，您创建的模型是这样的（注意我们看到的是:JavaProgramming，而不是"JavaProgramming"）：

@prefix :      <http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#> .

:JavaProgramming  :bookGenre  "1" ;
        :bookId       "1" ;
        :bookName     "Java Programming" ;
        :bookRating   "3" ;
        :isbn         "121321312" ;
        :pageCount    "200" ;
        :publisherId  "1" .

:Talha  :age       "23" ;
        :gender    "1" ;
        :name      "Talha" ;
        :password  "00" ;
        :surname   "Kabakuş" ;
        :take      :JavaProgramming ;
        :userId    "1" ;
        :username  "talhak" .

在此数据上，您可以运行以下查询（使用:JavaProgramming）并获得以下结果。

prefix :      <http://www.semanticweb.org/ontologies/alisveris.owl#>

select ?student ?name ?surname where {
  ?student :take :JavaProgramming ;
           :name ?name ;
           :surname ?surname .
}

---------------------------------
| student | name    | surname   |
=================================
| :Talha  | "Talha" | "Kabakuş" |
---------------------------------

【讨论】：

  • 在 answers.semanticweb 上问的那个是我的问题。谢谢。
猜你喜欢
  • 1970-01-01
  • 1970-01-01
  • 2014-09-06
  • 1970-01-01
  • 1970-01-01
  • 1970-01-01
  • 2020-11-18
  • 1970-01-01
  • 2021-05-28
相关资源
最近更新 更多
热门标签
Java Python linux javascript Mysql C# Docker 算法 前端 SpringBoot Redis Vue spring 设计模式 .net core .net kubernetes c++ 数据库 数据结构 大数据 js 机器学习 微服务 Android Go 程序员 面试 JVM ASP.net core 云原生 人工智能 后端 PHP git CSS golang k8s Nginx Django mybatis 深度学习 多线程 React 架构 devops 爬虫 云计算 Spring Boot LeetCode