【发布时间】:2012-09-19 10:47:48
【问题描述】:
我目前正在将 auto_ptr 的实例转换为 unique_ptr,但我遇到了问题。它在代码的 C++ 部分中运行良好,但是在我的托管 C++/CLI 层中执行此操作时(该软件同时使用 C# 和 C++)我得到链接错误。它编译得很好,但在链接时会中断。 auto_ptr 从来没有任何问题。
我目前正在使用 Visual Studio 2010。有人知道在 C++/CLI 中使用 unique_ptr 有什么问题吗?
我试图在下面的一段代码中总结我的问题,但请注意下面的代码实际上可以编译和工作(我检查了指针的所有权是否正确移动)。编译时我没有收到链接错误,但下面的代码是纯 C++ 而不是 C++/CLI。我只是想举一个关于如何构造代码的最小示例,以便阅读链接器错误更有意义。
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
using namespace std;
namespace Test {
template< class T >
struct LinAlgPoint3 {
LinAlgPoint3() { x = y = z = 0; };
union {
struct {T x,y,z;} ;
T data_[3];
};
};
class ContainerClass
{
public:
void setUniquePtr(
unique_ptr< vector< LinAlgPoint3< float > > > newUniquePtr1 ,
unique_ptr< vector< unsigned char > > newUniquePtr2 )
{
m_uniquePtr1 = move(newUniquePtr1);
m_uniquePtr2 = move(newUniquePtr2);
}
private:
unique_ptr< vector< LinAlgPoint3< float > > > m_uniquePtr1;
unique_ptr< vector< unsigned char > > m_uniquePtr2;
};
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
auto pos = unique_ptr< vector< LinAlgPoint3< float > > >( new vector< LinAlgPoint3< float > >() );
auto name = unique_ptr< vector< unsigned char > >(new vector< unsigned char >());
ContainerClass container;
container.setUniquePtr(move(pos), move(name));
}
} //namespace Test
链接时出现的错误如下:
error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A0018A5) "private: __cdecl std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > const &)" (??0?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FAEAA@AEBV01@@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __clrcall std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >::<MarshalCopy>(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > *,class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > *)" (?<MarshalCopy>@?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FSMXPEAV12@0@Z)
1>TestClass.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A0018A6) "private: __cdecl std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > const &)" (??0?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FAEAA@AEBV01@@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __clrcall std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >::<MarshalCopy>(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > *,class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > *)" (?<MarshalCopy>@?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FSMXPEAV12@0@Z)
1>TestClass.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "private: __cdecl std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > const &)" (??0?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FAEAA@AEBV01@@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __clrcall std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > >::<MarshalCopy>(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > *,class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<unsigned char,class std::allocator<unsigned char> > > > *)" (?<MarshalCopy>@?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@EV?$allocator@E@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FSMXPEAV12@0@Z)
1>TestClass.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "private: __cdecl std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > const &)" (??0?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FAEAA@AEBV01@@Z) referenced in function "public: static void __clrcall std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > >::<MarshalCopy>(class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > *,class std::unique_ptr<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > >,struct std::default_delete<class std::vector<struct LinAlgPoint3<float>,class std::allocator<struct LinAlgPoint3<float> > > > > *)" (?<MarshalCopy>@?$unique_ptr@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@U?$default_delete@V?$vector@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@V?$allocator@U?$LinAlgPoint3@M@Test@@@std@@@std@@@2@@std@@$$FSMXPEAV12@0@Z)
1>D:\Test\Test.dll : fatal error LNK1120: 4 unresolved externals
正如你所看到的(如果你能理解那些令人难以置信的可怕消息)有一些对 MarshalCopy 的引用,这让我担心 C++/CLI 可能还不支持 unique_ptr。
软件的布局是
C# executable -> C++/CLI translation layer (dll) -> C++ dll
因此 C++ dll 使用 unique_ptr 编译良好,但 C++/CLI dll 无法正确链接。
我忘了提一些非常重要的事情:如果我将 unique_ptr 用于更简单的数据类型,例如字符串,它会成功链接。例如:
auto string1= unique_ptr< string >(new string(20000, 'S'));
auto string2 = unique_ptr< string >(new string(20000, 'A'));
string1= std::move(string2);
我还尝试确保使用该变量,以便编译器不会对其进行优化。
编辑:我刚刚测试了添加另一个接受unique_ptr<string> 的外部函数,我尝试发送上面的string1 并且它也中断了!所以问题一定是在生成的 DLL 之间,因为 std::move() 在每个文件/类中都能很好地工作。
【问题讨论】:
-
当我们只看到错误而不是创建错误的代码时,很难诊断问题。您说此 C++ 代码有效,但您的实际 C++/CLI 代码无效。你能写一些 C++/CLI 代码来解决这个问题吗?
-
我可以试试...在我的日子里没有从头写过多少 C++/CLI :)
-
注释掉所有移动调用以获得干净的编译。移动语义是 C++ 编译器实现的 C++11 功能。不是通过 C++/CLI 编译器。你可以发帖到 connect.microsoft.com 来摇动那棵树。
-
我不认为它会得到一个干净的编译。如果 C++/CLI 编译器没有实现移动语义,
unique_ptr就不可能工作。 -
然后我得到
error C2248: 'std::unique_ptr<_Ty>::unique_ptr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'std::unique_ptr<_Ty>',就像我在上面的小示例中添加对 move() 的调用之前一样。我忘记提及的是,如果我使用unique_ptr<double>而不是上面更高级的类型,代码就会编译。不过,我必须再次确认。
标签: c++ visual-studio-2010 c++11 c++-cli unique-ptr