【发布时间】:2014-07-06 00:27:19
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试使用 unique_ptr 实现 BST。我得到了shared_ptr 的工作程序。如何改用 unique_ptr 来强制执行 BinarySearchTree 的单一所有权语义?
当我将 shared_ptr 替换为 unique_ptr 时,编译错误超出了我的理解范围。
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
template<class T>
class BinarySearchTree{
struct TreeNode;
typedef std::shared_ptr<TreeNode> spTreeNode;
struct TreeNode{
T data;
spTreeNode left;
spTreeNode right;
TreeNode(const T & value):data(value),left(nullptr),right(nullptr){}
};
spTreeNode root;
bool insert(spTreeNode node);
void print(const spTreeNode) const ;
public:
BinarySearchTree();
void insert( const T & node);
void print()const;
};
template<class T>
BinarySearchTree<T>::BinarySearchTree():root(nullptr){}
template<class T>
void BinarySearchTree<T>::insert(const T & ref)
{
TreeNode *node = new TreeNode(ref);
if (root==nullptr)
{
root.reset(node);
}
else
{
spTreeNode temp = root;
spTreeNode prev = root;
while (temp)
{
prev = temp;
if (temp->data < ref)
temp = temp->right;
else
temp = temp->left;
}
if (prev->data < ref)
prev->right.reset(node);
else
prev->left.reset(node);
}
}
template<class T>
void BinarySearchTree<T>::print()const
{
print(root);
}
template<class T>
void BinarySearchTree<T>::print(const spTreeNode node)const
{
if (node==nullptr)
return;
print(node->left);
std::cout << node->data<< std::endl;
print(node->right);
}
int main()
{
BinarySearchTree<int> bst;
bst.insert(13);
bst.insert(3);
bst.insert(5);
bst.insert(31);
bst.print();
return 0;
}
编辑:编译错误以防万一有人感兴趣。警告:文字墙。
prog.cpp: In instantiation of ‘void BinarySearchTree<T>::insert(const T&) [with T = int]’:
prog.cpp:75:18: required from here
prog.cpp:39:27: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
spTreeNode temp = root;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:273:7: error: declared here
unique_ptr(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp:40:27: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
spTreeNode prev = root;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:273:7: error: declared here
unique_ptr(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp:43:18: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>& std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::operator=(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
prev = temp;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:274:19: error: declared here
unique_ptr& operator=(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp:45:22: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>& std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::operator=(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
temp = temp->right;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:274:19: error: declared here
unique_ptr& operator=(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp:47:22: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>& std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::operator=(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
temp = temp->left;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:274:19: error: declared here
unique_ptr& operator=(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp: In instantiation of ‘void BinarySearchTree<T>::print() const [with T = int]’:
prog.cpp:79:15: required from here
prog.cpp:59:15: error: use of deleted function ‘std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>::unique_ptr(const std::unique_ptr<_Tp, _Dp>&) [with _Tp = BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode; _Dp = std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode>]’
print(root);
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/memory:81:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/unique_ptr.h:273:7: error: declared here
unique_ptr(const unique_ptr&) = delete;
^
prog.cpp:63:6: error: initializing argument 1 of ‘void BinarySearchTree<T>::print(BinarySearchTree<T>::spTreeNode) const [with T = int; BinarySearchTree<T>::spTreeNode = std::unique_ptr<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode, std::default_delete<BinarySearchTree<int>::TreeNode> >]’
void BinarySearchTree<T>::print(const spTreeNode node)const
^
【问题讨论】:
-
也许发布这些编译错误会帮助您我们的理解。编辑:但是,您的一个函数按值(即复制)获取指针。但是
unique_ptrs 只能移动。 -
@Quentin,我可以,但它们很长。无论如何,我会发布它们
-
遍历树时,使用
TreeNode*(无所有权),而不是unique_ptr<TreeNode>(独占所有权)。树,而不是遍历它的代码,拥有所有权。
标签: c++ c++11 binary-search-tree shared-ptr unique-ptr