解析原始 HTTP 请求

Question

我正在研究由完整的 POST 和 GET 请求组成的 HTTP 流量数据集，如下所示。我已经在 java 中编写了代码，将这些请求中的每一个分开并将其保存为数组列表中的字符串元素。 现在我很困惑如何在 java 中解析这些原始 HTTP 请求，有没有比手动解析更好的方法？

GET http://localhost:8080/tienda1/imagenes/3.gif/ HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Konqueror/3.5; Linux) KHTML/3.5.8 (like Gecko)
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-control: no-cache
Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: x-gzip, x-deflate, gzip, deflate
Accept-Charset: utf-8, utf-8;q=0.5, *;q=0.5
Accept-Language: en
Host: localhost:8080
Cookie: JSESSIONID=FB018FFB06011CFABD60D8E8AD58CA21
Connection: close

Answer 1

如果您只想按原样发送原始请求，这非常简单，只需使用 TCP 套接字发送实际的字符串！

类似这样的：

    Socket socket = new Socket(host, port);

    BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(
            new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "UTF8"));

    for (String line : getContents(request)) {
        System.out.println(line);
        out.write(line + "\r\n");
    }

    out.write("\r\n");
    out.flush();

查看 JoeJag 的 blog post 获取完整代码。

更新

我开始了一个项目，RawHTTP 为请求、响应、标头等提供 HTTP 解析器......结果非常好，它使得在其上编写 HTTP 服务器和客户端变得非常容易。如果您正在寻找低级别的东西，请查看它。

Answer 2

为了您的方便，这里有一个适用于所有方法类型（GET、POST 等）的通用 Http 请求解析器：

    package util.dpi.capture;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.Hashtable;

/**
 * Class for HTTP request parsing as defined by RFC 2612:
 * 
 * Request = Request-Line ; Section 5.1 (( general-header ; Section 4.5 |
 * request-header ; Section 5.3 | entity-header ) CRLF) ; Section 7.1 CRLF [
 * message-body ] ; Section 4.3
 * 
 * @author izelaya
 *
 */
public class HttpRequestParser {

    private String _requestLine;
    private Hashtable<String, String> _requestHeaders;
    private StringBuffer _messagetBody;

    public HttpRequestParser() {
        _requestHeaders = new Hashtable<String, String>();
        _messagetBody = new StringBuffer();
    }

    /**
     * Parse and HTTP request.
     * 
     * @param request
     *            String holding http request.
     * @throws IOException
     *             If an I/O error occurs reading the input stream.
     * @throws HttpFormatException
     *             If HTTP Request is malformed
     */
    public void parseRequest(String request) throws IOException, HttpFormatException {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(request));

        setRequestLine(reader.readLine()); // Request-Line ; Section 5.1

        String header = reader.readLine();
        while (header.length() > 0) {
            appendHeaderParameter(header);
            header = reader.readLine();
        }

        String bodyLine = reader.readLine();
        while (bodyLine != null) {
            appendMessageBody(bodyLine);
            bodyLine = reader.readLine();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 
     * 5.1 Request-Line The Request-Line begins with a method token, followed by
     * the Request-URI and the protocol version, and ending with CRLF. The
     * elements are separated by SP characters. No CR or LF is allowed except in
     * the final CRLF sequence.
     * 
     * @return String with Request-Line
     */
    public String getRequestLine() {
        return _requestLine;
    }

    private void setRequestLine(String requestLine) throws HttpFormatException {
        if (requestLine == null || requestLine.length() == 0) {
            throw new HttpFormatException("Invalid Request-Line: " + requestLine);
        }
        _requestLine = requestLine;
    }

    private void appendHeaderParameter(String header) throws HttpFormatException {
        int idx = header.indexOf(":");
        if (idx == -1) {
            throw new HttpFormatException("Invalid Header Parameter: " + header);
        }
        _requestHeaders.put(header.substring(0, idx), header.substring(idx + 1, header.length()));
    }

    /**
     * The message-body (if any) of an HTTP message is used to carry the
     * entity-body associated with the request or response. The message-body
     * differs from the entity-body only when a transfer-coding has been
     * applied, as indicated by the Transfer-Encoding header field (section
     * 14.41).
     * @return String with message-body
     */
    public String getMessageBody() {
        return _messagetBody.toString();
    }

    private void appendMessageBody(String bodyLine) {
        _messagetBody.append(bodyLine).append("\r\n");
    }

    /**
     * For list of available headers refer to sections: 4.5, 5.3, 7.1 of RFC 2616
     * @param headerName Name of header
     * @return String with the value of the header or null if not found.
     */
    public String getHeaderParam(String headerName){
        return _requestHeaders.get(headerName);
    }
}

Answer 3

我 [正在] 处理 [an] HTTP 流量数据集，该数据集由完整的 POST 和 GET 请求[s] 组成

所以你想解析一个包含多个 HTTP 请求的文件或列表。你想提取什么数据？总之here是一个Java HTTP解析类，它可以读取请求行中使用的方法、版本和URI，并将所有的headers读入一个Hashtable。

如果您想重新发明轮子，您可以使用它或自己编写一个。查看RFC 以了解请求的外观以便正确解析它：

Request       = Request-Line              ; Section 5.1
                    *(( general-header        ; Section 4.5
                     | request-header         ; Section 5.3
                     | entity-header ) CRLF)  ; Section 7.1
                    CRLF
                    [ message-body ]          ; Section 4.3