ImportError: No module named _ctypes running Python Flask tutorial for Google App Engine on Windows

Question

我只是想在他们的教程页面上运行简单的 hello world 应用程序。我以前经常使用 Google App Engine，但现在我似乎根本无法使用它。我正在赢得 10 x64。下载了最新的google cloud sdk，和python 2.7.13版

> ERROR    2017-01-07 15:25:21,219 wsgi.py:263] Traceback (most recent
> call last):   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Cloud
> SDK\google-cloud-sdk\platform\google_appengine\google\appengine\runtime\wsgi.py",
> line 240, in Handle
>     handler = _config_handle.add_wsgi_middleware(self._LoadHandler())   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Cloud
> SDK\google-cloud-sdk\platform\google_appengine\google\appengine\runtime\wsgi.py",
> line 299, in _LoadHandler
>     handler, path, err = LoadObject(self._handler)   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Cloud
> SDK\google-cloud-sdk\platform\google_appengine\google\appengine\runtime\wsgi.py",
> line 85, in LoadObject
>     obj = __import__(path[0])   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\main.py",
> line 18, in <module>
>     from flask import Flask   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\flask\__init__.py",
> line 21, in <module>
>     from .app import Flask, Request, Response   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\flask\app.py",
> line 27, in <module>
>     from . import json, cli   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\flask\cli.py",
> line 17, in <module>
>     import click   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\click\__init__.py",
> line 18, in <module> INFO     2017-01-07 10:25:21,229 module.py:806]
> default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 -
>     from .core import Context, BaseCommand, Command, MultiCommand, Group, \   File
> "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\click\core.py", line 8, in <module>
>     from .types import convert_type, IntRange, BOOL   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\click\types.py",
> line 4, in <module>
>     from ._compat import open_stream, text_type, filename_to_ui, \   File
> "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\click\_compat.py",
> line 536, in <module>
>     from ._winconsole import _get_windows_console_stream   File "C:\....\python-docs-samples\appengine\standard\flask\hello_world\lib\click\_winconsole.py",
> line 16, in <module>
>     import ctypes   File "C:\Python27\lib\ctypes\__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
>     from _ctypes import Union, Structure, Array   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Cloud
> SDK\google-cloud-sdk\platform\google_appengine\google\appengine\tools\devappserver2\python\sandbox.py",
> line 964, in load_module
>     raise ImportError('No module named %s' % fullname) 
ImportError: No module named _ctypes

Answer 1

Google 的示例 Flask “Hello World”应用程序需要 Flask 0.11.1。

此库并非由 Google 提供，因此开发者需要通过 pip 安装它

此示例展示了如何将 Flask 与 Google App Engine Standard 结合使用。

在运行或部署此应用程序之前，安装依赖项 使用点子：

pip install -t lib -r requirements.txt

Flask 的 setup.py instructs pip 用于安装 click 库，在高于或等于 2.0 版的版本中。

    install_requires=[
        'Werkzeug>=0.7',
        'Jinja2>=2.4',
        'itsdangerous>=0.21',
        'click>=2.0',
],

2015 年 11 月 a change was committed 到 click 以改进 Windows 控制台中对 unicode 的支持。此更改添加了 Appengine 阻塞的 ctypes 库的导入，因为 Appengine 沙箱不允许导入 ctypes。

解决方法是用早期版本 (5.1 looks like the most recent candidate) 覆盖已安装的 click：

pip install --target lib --upgrade click==5.1

Answer 2

对我来说，这里提到的解决方法Google's issue tracker 有效

• 转到 [sdk_home]\google\appengine\tools\devappserver2\python\sandbox.py
• 找到_WHITE_LIST_C_MODULES = [xxx]的定义 将以下两行添加到列表中：
  '_winreg', '_ctypes'，
• 再次尝试您的应用。

该问题已于 2017 年 7 月 7 日标记为已修复。