如何从具有多个 ForeignKey 和 ManytoManyField 字段的模型在 Django 中创建表单？

Question

我是 Django 新手。我不知道如何创建一个能正确显示我的模型的表单，它有两个ForeignKey 字段和三个ManytoManyFields。我熟悉从更简单的模型创建表单，但我被困在这个模型上。到目前为止，我已经尝试过ModelForm 并将ModelChoiceField 用于ForeignKey 关系，但这不起作用。查看表单时，字段选项未呈现。然后我尝试了 inlineformset_factory 但我找不到有用的例子。任何帮助表示赞赏。 我正在尝试为模型创建 CreateView、UpdateView 和 DeleteView 选项。

models.py

    class Animal(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=500, blank=False, null=False)
        **atype = models.ForeignKey(Type, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=False, null=True)**
        **ageGroup = models.ForeignKey(AgeGroup, max_length=300, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=False, null=True)**
        ageYears = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank=False, null=False)
        ageMonths = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
        sex = models.CharField(max_length=100, choices=SEX, blank=False, null=False, default='NA')
        city = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True)
        state = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True)
        country = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True, null=True)
        **breedGroup = models.ManyToManyField(BreedGroup, blank=False)**
        **breed = models.ManyToManyField(Breed, blank=False)**
        tagLine = models.CharField(max_length=300, blank=False, null=False)
        goodWithCats = models.BooleanField(blank=False, null=False, default='Not Enough Information')
        goodWithDogs = models.BooleanField(null=False, blank=False, default='Not Enough Information')
        goodWKids = models.BooleanField(null=False, blank=False, default='Not Enough Information')
        profilePic = ResizedImageField(size=[300, 450], quality=100, upload_to='media/', default='', null=True, blank=True, keep_meta=False)
        **contact = models.ForeignKey(ContactDetails, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=False, null=True)**

forms.py

    class AnimalDetailsForm(ModelForm):
        ftype = ModelChoiceField(queryset=Type.objects.all())         #doesn't work
        ageGroup = ModelChoiceField(queryset=AgeGroup.objects.all()) #doesn't work
        #breed = what method to use?
        #breedGroup = what method to use? 

        class Meta:
            model = Animal
            exclude = ['ftype', 'ageGroup', 'breed', 'breedGroup']

Answer 1

此外，在表单的 Meta 中，您排除了您尝试为其获取数据的字段。应该说

class Meta:
        model = Animal
        fields = ['type', 'ageGroup', 'breed', 'breedGroup']

咨询过的文件：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/forms/modelforms/ https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/models/fields/

**编辑，删除关于使用类型作为变量名的评论。