错误 404 Nginx 找不到媒体文件。 +姜戈答案

【问题标题】：Error 404 Nginx can't find media files. +Django错误 404 Nginx 找不到媒体文件。 +姜戈
【发布时间】：2021-07-22 20:20:13
【问题描述】：

我正在使用 nginx 设置基本的 Django 站点。当我导航到文件的 url 时，我收到错误 404 Not Found nginx/1.18.0 (Ubuntu)

这是配置文件

upstream django {
    server unix:///home/jo/testproject/testproject.sock;
}
# configuration of the server
server {
    listen      80;
    server_name _;
    charset     utf-8;

    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 75M;

    # Django media and static files
    location /media/  {
    alias /home/jo/testproject/media/;
    }
    location /static {
        alias /home/jo/testproject/static;
    }

    # Send all non-media requests to the Django server.
    location / {
        uwsgi_pass  django;
        include     /home/jo/testproject/uwsgi_params;
    }
}

媒体文件夹位于 /home/jo/testproject/media 中，其中我有 media.gif，但 ip/media/media.gif 不起作用

当我在浏览器中写入 ip 时，我得到了

欢迎使用 Nginx！如果您看到此页面，则 nginx Web 服务器已成功安装并正在运行。需要进一步配置。

有关在线文档和支持，请参阅 nginx.org。 nginx.com 上提供商业支持。

感谢您使用 nginx。

我认为其他所有设置都正确

【问题讨论】：

标签： django linux nginx http-status-code-404 media

【解决方案1】：

Docker + NGINX + Gunicorn + Django

Django 项目：

djangoapp
 - ...
 - media
 - static
 - manage.py
 - requirements.txt  
nginx
 - Dockerfile
 - nginx.conf 
docker-compose.yml  
Dockerfile

Dockerfile：

FROM ubuntu:20.04

# Prevents Python from writing pyc files to disc
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
# Prevents Python from buffering stdout and stderr
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
ENV DEBUG 0

# https://hub.docker.com/r/fnndsc/ubuntu-python3/dockerfile
RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y python3-pip gunicorn

RUN mkdir /app

COPY djangoapp/requirements.txt requirements.txt
COPY djangoapp /app/

RUN pip3 install -r requirements.txt
WORKDIR /app/

EXPOSE 8000

CMD ["gunicorn3", "-b", "0.0.0.0:8000", "djangoapp.wsgi:application", "--workers=2"]

docker-compose.yml:

version: '3'

services:
  djangoapp:
    build: .
    container_name: djangoapp1
    volumes:
      - .:/djangoapp
      - static:/app/static
      - media:/app/media

  nginx:
    build: ./nginx
    container_name: nginx
    environment:
      - SERVER_NAME=8.43.162.54
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    volumes: 
      - .:/djangoapp
      - static:/app/static
      - media:/app/media
    restart: always

networks: 
  default:
    driver: bridge

volumes:
  media:
  static:

nginx/Dockerfile：

FROM nginx

RUN rm /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/

nginx/nginx.conf：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name $SERVER_NAME;

    location /static/ {     
        alias /app/static/;
    }

    location /media/ {      
        alias /app/media/;
    }

    location / {
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_pass http://djangoapp1:8000;
    }
}

settings.py：

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATICFILES_DIRS = []

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/inventory.conf

上游组件nginx需要连接

upstream django {
    server unix:///home/user/Inventory-System/inventory.sock;
}

#configuration of the server
server {
    listen      80;
    server_name trading.code www.trading.code;
    charset     utf-8;
    # max upload size
    client_max_body_size 75M;
    # Django media and static files
    location /media {
        autoindex on;
        alias home/user/Inventory-System/media/;
    }

location /static {
    autoindex on;
    alias home/user/Inventory-System/static/;
}
# Send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
    uwsgi_pass  django;
    include    home/user/Inventory-System/uwsgi_params;
} }

然后

user@user: /etc/nginx/sites-enabled$ sudo rm 默认
user@user: $ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx 重启

终于

查看http://127.0.0.0/media/

【讨论】：