Heroku 和 Django 的静态文件问题

Question

我的网站运行良好，但上传到 Heroku 的图片开始出现问题。我在 Django 中使用 whitenoise，但决定将我的图像存储和静态文件移动到 AWS。我一直在学习本教程，并且能够将我的静态文件夹中的文件升级到 S3。

但是现在我在尝试部署到 Heroku 时遇到了问题。

请注意，我的 app 文件夹内有一个 static 文件夹，位于根目录内。

推送时出现此错误——其中包括一个 collectstatic

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/build_f05a3a5f9e4b6ad44dfdf0b62dd16e9e/static'

我很确定它是 Heroku（？）的临时存储区，但我猜 /static 不应该放在最后。

我将在此处复制我的相关 settings.py 变量：

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'dealmazing.storage_backends.MediaStorage'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto3.S3Boto3Storage'
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'staticfiles')

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]

#This will make sure that the file URL does not have unnecessary parameters like your access key.
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = config('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID')
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = config('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY')
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = config('AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME')
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = '%s.s3.amazonaws.com' % AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME
AWS_S3_OBJECT_PARAMETERS = {
    'CacheControl': 'max-age=86400',
}
AWS_LOCATION = 'static'

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
STATIC_URL = 'https://%s/%s/' % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, AWS_LOCATION)
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = STATIC_URL + 'admin/'

#media storage settings
MEDIA_URL = STATIC_URL + 'media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

如果需要，这里有完整的回溯：

 Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
remote:            execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
remote:            utility.execute()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
remote:            self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
remote:            self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
remote:            output = self.handle(*args, **options)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 189, in handle
remote:            collected = self.collect()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 105, in collect
remote:            for path, storage in finder.list(self.ignore_patterns):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/finders.py", line 125, in list
remote:            for path in utils.get_files(storage, ignore_patterns):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/utils.py", line 28, in get_files
remote:            directories, files = storage.listdir(location)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 313, in listdir
remote:            for entry in os.listdir(path):
remote:        FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/build_f05a3a5f9e4b6ad44dfdf0b62dd16e9e/static'
remote:
remote:  !     Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.
remote:        See traceback above for details.
remote:
remote:        You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
remote:        Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:

Answer 1

我认为问题在于您的 static 目录是空的，因此 git 不会跟踪它，因此当 Heroku 尝试构建您的项目时，该目录不存在并且您会收到该错误。

如果您在 static 目录中添加一个名为 .keep 的空文件并将其添加到 git 中，则可以解决此问题。

Answer 2

对于其他人和未来的我：https://github.com/not-kennethreitz/flango/issues/3 ;)

STATIC_TMP = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

os.makedirs(STATIC_TMP, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(STATIC_ROOT, exist_ok=True)