ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“我的项目”的模块

Question

运行 systemctl status gunicorn.service 给我输出：

● gunicorn.service - gunicorn daemon
 Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
 Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2020-10-16 14:46:53 UTC; 4s ago
TriggeredBy: ● gunicorn.socket
    Process: 61433 ExecStart=/home/myname/My-Project/env/bin/gunicorn --access-logfile - --workers 3 --bind unix:/run/gunicorn.sock My-Project.wsgi:application (code=exited, st>
   Main PID: 61433 (code=exited, status=3)

Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load_unlocked
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]:   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 973, in _find_and_load_unlocked
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'My-Project'
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61446]: [2020-10-16 14:46:53 +0000] [61446] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 61446)
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61433]: [2020-10-16 14:46:53 +0000] [61433] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
Oct 16 14:46:53 django-ubuntu-pleasehelpme gunicorn[61433]: [2020-10-16 14:46:53 +0000] [61433] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

我工作的目录如下。 myapp/ 有我的requirements.txt 文件、我的env 和另一个app/ 目录。在myapp/app 内，我有manage.py 和另一个app 目录。在myapp/app/app 内，我有settings.py 和wsgi.py。

这是我的 settings.py：

import os
from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get("SECRET_KEY", None)

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['my.site.co.uk', 'localhost']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

    ROOT_URLCONF = 'app.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'My-Project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}

    # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")

这是我的 wsgi.py：

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'DMy-Project.settings')
sys.path.append('/home/myname/My-Project/app')

application = get_wsgi_application()

如果您需要更多信息，请联系我 - 我是开发新手。

我试过了： Apache/Django: ImportError: No module named 'my_project' Gunicorn not starting throwing gunicorn.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. error Gunicorn/Django, ImportError: No module named application.wsgi

我的目录：

My-Project
 - ./
 - ../
 - .DS_Store   
 - .git/
 - .idea/
 - .travis.yml
 - Dockerfile
 - docker-compose.yml
 - env/ ( ./    ../    bin/    include/    lib/    lib64 -> lib/    pyvenv.cfg    share/)
 - requirements.txt
 - app/ ( ./  ../  .flake8  1  db.sqlite3  env  manage.py*  static/ app/ (./ ../    __init__.py    __pycache__/ asgi.py settings.py urls.py wsgi.py))

Answer 1

我和你有同样的问题。 我正在使用 Django 3.1.5 版。由于在 Django 目录结构中只有这些：

• manage.py
• 项目名称：_ _ init _ _.py、asgi.py、settings.py、urls.py、wsgi.py
• requirements.txt
• myapp.py：_ _ init _ _.py、admin.py、apps.py、models.py、tests.py、urls.py、views.py、迁移

在您的 wsgi.py 中，您忘记导入 sys：

import os
import sys

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'DMy-Project.settings')
sys.path.append('/home/myname/My-Project/app')

application = get_wsgi_application()

但sys.path.append(...) 实际上没有必要。 之后，您可以使用简单的命令测试 gunicorn：

gunicorn project-name.wsgi:application --log-file -

虽然它没有名为 project-name.wsgi 的文件，gunicorn 会自动调用 project-name 子目录中的文件 wsgi.py。

附加信息，在开发模式下，如果你想让 django 识别静态文件夹，请将其添加到项目名称子目录中的 urls.py 中（这是来自https://stackoverflow.com/a/12801140/3518455的答案）：

from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns

# ... the rest of your URLconf goes here ...

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()