迁移后 django 管理站点中不存在关系

Question

我在尝试访问我的 django 管理站点上的模型页面时收到“关系不存在错误”。从管理站点访问用户模型正常工作。

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/web_app/work/

Django Version: 2.0.4
Python Version: 3.6.4
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'web_app.apps.WebsiteConfig',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback:

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in _execute
  85.                 return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)

The above exception (relation "web_app_work" does not exist
LINE 1: SELECT COUNT(*) AS "__count" FROM "web_app_work"
                                          ^
) was the direct cause of the following exception:

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py" in inner
  35.             response = get_response(request)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
  128.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
  126.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py" in wrapper
  574.                 return self.admin_site.admin_view(view)(*args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  142.                     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\cache.py" in _wrapped_view_func
  44.         response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\sites.py" in inner
  223.             return view(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py" in _wrapper
  62.             return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  142.                     response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\utils\decorators.py" in bound_func
  58.                 return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py" in changelist_view
  1570.             cl = self.get_changelist_instance(request)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\options.py" in get_changelist_instance
  705.             self,

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\views\main.py" in __init__
  77.         self.get_results(request)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\views\main.py" in get_results
  175.         result_count = paginator.count

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py" in __get__
  36.         res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\core\paginator.py" in count
  85.             return self.object_list.count()

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py" in count
  387.         return self.query.get_count(using=self.db)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py" in get_count
  491.         number = obj.get_aggregation(using, ['__count'])['__count']

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\query.py" in get_aggregation
  476.         result = compiler.execute_sql(SINGLE)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py" in execute_sql
  1067.             cursor.execute(sql, params)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in execute
  100.             return super().execute(sql, params)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in execute
  68.         return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in _execute_with_wrappers
  77.         return executor(sql, params, many, context)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in _execute
  85.                 return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py" in __exit__
  89.                 raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value

File "C:\Users\danie\Envs\Prolitfic\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py" in _execute
  85.                 return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)

Exception Type: ProgrammingError at /admin/web_app/work/
Exception Value: relation "web_app_work" does not exist
LINE 1: SELECT COUNT(*) AS "__count" FROM "web_app_work"

这是我的模型：

class Work(models.Model):
work_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
writer_id = models.ForeignKey(
    Writer,
    on_delete=models.SET_NULL,
    null = True,
    verbose_name = "Author")
content = models.TextField()
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
views = models.IntegerField(default=0)
num_ratings = models.IntegerField(verbose_name = "Number of Ratings", default=0)
ratings_sum = models.IntegerField(verbose_name = "Sum of Ratings", default=0)
ratings_avg = models.IntegerField(verbose_name = "Rating Score", default=0)
date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
read_count = models.IntegerField(default=0)

def get_absolute_url(self):
    return reversed('story', args=[str(self.work_id)])

def __string__(self):
    return self.title

还有我的迁移文件：

from django.db import migrations, models

导入 django.db.models.deletion

类迁移（migrations.Migration）：

initial = True

dependencies = [
]

operations = [
    migrations.CreateModel(
        name='Comment',
        fields=[
            ('text', models.TextField()),
            ('ratings_sum', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Sum of Ratings')),
            ('num_ratings', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Number of Ratings')),
            ('ratings_avg', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Rating Score')),
            ('date_created', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)),
            ('comment_id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
        ],
    ),
    migrations.CreateModel(
        name='Work',
        fields=[
            ('work_id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
            ('content', models.TextField()),
            ('title', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
            ('views', models.IntegerField(default=0)),
            ('num_ratings', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Number of Ratings')),
            ('ratings_sum', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Sum of Ratings')),
            ('ratings_avg', models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name='Rating Score')),
            ('date_created', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)),
            ('read_count', models.IntegerField(default=0)),
        ],
    ),
    migrations.CreateModel(
        name='Writer',
        fields=[
            ('writer_id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False)),
            ('writer_name', models.CharField(max_length=100)),
        ],
    ),
    migrations.AddField(
        model_name='work',
        name='writer_id',
        field=models.ForeignKey(null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.SET_NULL, to='web_app.Writer', verbose_name='Author'),
    ),
    migrations.AddField(
        model_name='comment',
        name='work_id',
        field=models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, to='web_app.Work'),
    ),
    migrations.AddField(
        model_name='comment',
        name='writer_id',
        field=models.ForeignKey(null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.SET_NULL, to='web_app.Writer', verbose_name='Commenter'),
    ),
]

我已经尝试过的事情：

迁移单个应用

从头开始迁移（删除 web_app 和迁移文件夹的所有迁移和 pycache）

改变工作模式

注释掉 url 和视图，迁移，然后取消注释

Answer 1

好的，一旦我遇到同样的问题并且为了解决这个问题，我删除了该应用程序的所有迁移和 pycache，除了 init.py 发生这种情况是因为您的 makemigrations 命令正常工作，但您的 migrate 没有迁移任何东西。

Answer 2

我按照本指南中列出的步骤解决了我的问题：

https://micropyramid.com/blog/how-to-create-initial-django-migrations-for-existing-schema/

Step1：清空 django_migrations 表：

只需转到您相应的数据库终端并删除 django_migrations 表中的所有记录

delete from django_migrations;

步骤 2：删除项目中每个应用的迁移文件夹中的所有文件。

转到终端并运行删除迁移文件夹中的所有文件

rm -rf <app>/migrations/

第 3 步：重置“内置”应用的迁移：

使用命令重置 Django 内置应用程序（如 admin）的所有迁移

python manage.py migrate --fake

第 4 步：为每个应用创建初始迁移：

对于每个应用程序运行：

python manage.py makemigrations <app>. 

注意：注意依赖关系（具有 ForeignKey 的模型应该在其父模型之后运行）。

Step5：最后一步是创建虚假的初始迁移：

要创建初始假迁移，只需运行

python manage.py migrate --fake-initial

经过上述步骤，我能够运行 makemigrations 并正常迁移。