客户端验证 Django

Question

我是 Django 新手，我制作了一个扩展 UserCreationForm 的表单，我想验证客户端的输入。我怎样才能做到这一点？当我验证 password1 时，它工作得很好，但由于某种原因，我无法检查这些字段是否丢失。提前致谢。

class UserRegisterForm(UserCreationForm):
    email = forms.EmailField()

    class Meta:
        model = User 
        fields = ['username', 'email', 'password1', 'password2']


    def validate(self,password):

        return self.short_enough(password) and self.has_lowercase(password) and self.has_uppercase(password) and self.has_numeric(password) and self.has_special(password)


    def short_enough(self,pw):
         return len(pw) == 8

    def has_lowercase(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a lowercase letter'
        return len(set(string.ascii_lowercase).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_uppercase(self,pw):
        'Password must contain an uppercase letter'
        return len(set(string.ascii_uppercase).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_numeric(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a digit'
        return len(set(string.digits).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_special(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a special character'
        return len(set(string.punctuation).intersection(pw)) > 0


    def clean(self):
        
        cleaned_data = super(UserRegisterForm, self).clean()

        username = cleaned_data.get('username')
        email = cleaned_data.get('email')
        password1 = cleaned_data.get('password1')
        password2 = cleaned_data.get("password2")

        if username == None or email == None or password1 == None or password2 == None:      
              raise forms.ValidationError("Some fields are missing" )
              

        if not self.validate(password1):
            raise forms.ValidationError("Password must be 8 characters(1 upper, 1 lower, 1 number, 1 special character)" )
        else:
            return cleaned_data

这是我的 HTML 文件，问题是我使用的是 {{ form }} 而不是 HTML 输入：

{% extends "blog/base.html" %}
{% load crispy_forms_tags %}

{% block content %}

    <div class="content-section">

        <form method="POST" >

            {% csrf_token %}

            <fieldset class="form-group" aria-required="true">

                <legend class="border-bottom mb-4"> Join Today </legend>
                    {{ form|crispy }}

            </fieldset>

            <div class="form-group">

                <button class="btn btn-outline-info" type="submit" > Sign Up </button>

            </div>

        </form>

        <div class="border-top pt-3">
             <small class="text-muted">

             Already have an account? <a class="ml-2" href="{% url 'login' %}" >Sign In</a>

            </small> 
        </div>

    </div>

{% endblock content %}

Answer 1

好的，您的模板看起来不错，只是在您的表单中添加了一些内容。

为了简化代码，我将required=True 添加到您定义的电子邮件字段中，并将相同的参数设置为其余字段的__init__ 方法，这将根据需要执行所有字段，您可以摆脱您的自定义clean中的“空值”验证

class UserRegisterForm(UserCreationForm):
    email = forms.EmailField(required=True)

    class Meta:
        model = User 
        fields = ['username', 'email', 'password1', 'password2']

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['username'].required = True
        self.fields['password1'].required = True
        self.fields['password2'].required = True

    def validate(self,password):

        return self.short_enough(password) and self.has_lowercase(password) and self.has_uppercase(password) and self.has_numeric(password) and self.has_special(password)


    def short_enough(self,pw):
         return len(pw) == 8

    def has_lowercase(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a lowercase letter'
        return len(set(string.ascii_lowercase).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_uppercase(self,pw):
        'Password must contain an uppercase letter'
        return len(set(string.ascii_uppercase).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_numeric(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a digit'
        return len(set(string.digits).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def has_special(self,pw):
        'Password must contain a special character'
        return len(set(string.punctuation).intersection(pw)) > 0

    def clean(self):
        cleaned_data = super(UserRegisterForm, self).clean()
        password1 = cleaned_data.get('password1')
        password2 = cleaned_data.get("password2")          

        if not self.validate(password1):
            raise forms.ValidationError("Password must be 8 characters(1 upper, 1 lower, 1 number, 1 special character)" )
        else:
            return cleaned_data

---

另一方面，要进行单字段验证，我建议您使用 django 提供的方法 clean_<fieldname>，查看此处的文档 --> https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/forms/validation/#cleaning-a-specific-field-attribute

当您使用 django 脆皮表单时，您可以在表单定义中包含提交按钮以及表单标签，它会将所有表单 DOM 封装在您的 python 代码中，我认为这很棒，请查看文档- > https://django-crispy-forms.readthedocs.io/en/latest/layouts.html