我正在创建一个创建动态数量模型的表单。 FormSets 似乎是这项工作的工具，但我找不到使用多个模型的示例。
使用this example 中的模型（Author 和Book），我的表单集只需要一个Author 表单，并且至少需要一个Book 表单。用户可以向作者添加任意数量的书籍，所有书籍都在同一个表单（集）内。
在 Django 后端完成此任务的最佳方法是什么？
将 JSON 发布到 REST api 以创建这些模型会更好吗？
【问题讨论】：
标签： django django-models django-forms django-rest-framework
This example 是您正在寻找的。它解释了如何使用内联表单集来填充模型父母和孩子：
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Recipe(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
description = models.TextField()
class Ingredient(models.Model):
recipe = models.ForeignKey(Recipe)
description = models.CharField(max_length=255)
class Instruction(models.Model):
recipe = models.ForeignKey(Recipe)
number = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
description = models.TextField()
# forms.py
from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.forms.models import inlineformset_factory
from .models import Recipe, Ingredient, Instruction
class RecipeForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Recipe
IngredientFormSet = inlineformset_factory(Recipe, Ingredient)
InstructionFormSet = inlineformset_factory(Recipe, Instruction)
# views.py
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.views.generic import CreateView
from .forms import IngredientFormSet, InstructionFormSet, RecipeForm
from .models import Recipe
class RecipeCreateView(CreateView):
template_name = 'recipe_add.html'
model = Recipe
form_class = RecipeForm
success_url = 'success/'
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Handles GET requests and instantiates blank versions of the form
and its inline formsets.
"""
self.object = None
form_class = self.get_form_class()
form = self.get_form(form_class)
ingredient_form = IngredientFormSet()
instruction_form = InstructionFormSet()
return self.render_to_response(
self.get_context_data(form=form,
ingredient_form=ingredient_form,
instruction_form=instruction_form))
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Handles POST requests, instantiating a form instance and its inline
formsets with the passed POST variables and then checking them for
validity.
"""
self.object = None
form_class = self.get_form_class()
form = self.get_form(form_class)
ingredient_form = IngredientFormSet(self.request.POST)
instruction_form = InstructionFormSet(self.request.POST)
if (form.is_valid() and ingredient_form.is_valid() and
instruction_form.is_valid()):
return self.form_valid(form, ingredient_form, instruction_form)
else:
return self.form_invalid(form, ingredient_form, instruction_form)
def form_valid(self, form, ingredient_form, instruction_form):
"""
Called if all forms are valid. Creates a Recipe instance along with
associated Ingredients and Instructions and then redirects to a
success page.
"""
self.object = form.save()
ingredient_form.instance = self.object
ingredient_form.save()
instruction_form.instance = self.object
instruction_form.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect(self.get_success_url())
def form_invalid(self, form, ingredient_form, instruction_form):
"""
Called if a form is invalid. Re-renders the context data with the
data-filled forms and errors.
"""
return self.render_to_response(
self.get_context_data(form=form,
ingredient_form=ingredient_form,
instruction_form=instruction_form))
<!-- recipe_add.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Multiformset Demo</title>
<script src="{{ STATIC_URL }}js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="{{ STATIC_URL }}js/jquery.formset.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$(".inline.{{ ingredient_form.prefix }}").formset({
prefix: "{{ ingredient_form.prefix }}",
})
$(".inline.{{ instruction_form.prefix }}").formset({
prefix: "{{ instruction_form.prefix }}",
})
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<h1>Add Recipe</h1>
<form action="." method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div>
{{ form.as_p }}
</div>
<fieldset>
<legend>Recipe Ingredient</legend>
{{ ingredient_form.management_form }}
{{ ingredient_form.non_form_errors }}
{% for form in ingredient_form %}
{{ form.id }}
<div class="inline {{ ingredient_form.prefix }}">
{{ form.description.errors }}
{{ form.description.label_tag }}
{{ form.description }}
</div>
{% endfor %}
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
<legend>Recipe instruction</legend>
{{ instruction_form.management_form }}
{{ instruction_form.non_form_errors }}
{% for form in instruction_form %}
{{ form.id }}
<div class="inline {{ instruction_form.prefix }}">
{{ form.number.errors }}
{{ form.number.label_tag }}
{{ form.number }}
{{ form.description.errors }}
{{ form.description.label_tag }}
{{ form.description }}
</div>
{% endfor %}
</fieldset>
<input type="submit" value="Add recipe" class="submit" />
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
通过这种方式（假设您使用基于类的视图），它将允许您在表单集中定义任意数量的表单。
查看inlineformset_factory signature，了解如何定义每个表单集需要多少个表单。
要处理创建的表单的动态数量，您可以指定extra、min_num 和 max_num
那么对于显示来说，我认为使用 javascript 是最方便的选择。 This 是您可以找到答案的地方。
【讨论】：