我可以让 NSIS 制作一个处理本地部署和系统部署的安装程序吗？

Question

Chrome 有一个安装程序，可用于在系统范围内安装，或者如果用户不是管理员，则可以安装到用户的主目录。当您在企业环境中进行部署时，这非常有用，您仍然希望允许潜在用户安装，即使他们不一定有权限。

NSIS 可以用来创建这样的安装程序吗？

Answer 1

事实证明可以。重要的部分是：

• RequestExecutionLevel highest：这确保安装程序获得用户帐户可用的最高权限。即如果他们在管理员组中，安装程序将要求提升权限。
• 确定用户是否是管理员。这是使用 UserInfo 插件实现的。这很简单。
• SetShellVarContext all|current：这决定了特殊注册表根键SHCTX 的值。对于all，它的含义与HKLM（系统范围）相同，对于current，它的结果是HKCU。 SetShellVarContext 还影响 $SMPROGRAMS 的值是指系统范围的开始菜单还是仅指用户的层次结构。

这是一个安装程序的框架，它可以在系统范围内或本地部署，具体取决于用户帐户的权限。它使用 C:\Windows\write.exe 作为其有效负载，并可选择安装开始菜单项和桌面快捷方式。它还在注册表中放置了对卸载程序的引用，以便它显示在“添加/删除程序”对话框中。我使用 NSIS 3.0（测试版）来构建它，但我看不出有任何明显的原因为什么它不能与最近的 2.x 一起使用。

!include "MUI2.nsh"

!define PRODUCT_NAME "DummyProduct"
!define VERSION "0.0.1"

Var INSTDIR_BASE

Name "${PRODUCT_NAME}"
OutFile "${PRODUCT_NAME} Installer.exe"

InstallDir ""

; Take the highest execution level available
; This means that if it's possible to, we become an administrator
RequestExecutionLevel highest

!macro ONINIT un
    Function ${un}.onInit
        ; The value of SetShellVarContext detetmines whether SHCTX is HKLM or HKCU
        ; and whether SMPROGRAMS refers to all users or just the current user
        UserInfo::GetAccountType
        Pop $0
        ${If} $0 == "Admin"
            ; If we're an admin, default to installing to C:\Program Files
            SetShellVarContext all
            StrCpy $INSTDIR_BASE "$PROGRAMFILES64"
        ${Else}
            ; If we're just a user, default to installing to ~\AppData\Local
            SetShellVarContext current
            StrCpy $INSTDIR_BASE "$LOCALAPPDATA"
        ${EndIf}

        ${If} $INSTDIR == ""
            ; This only happens in the installer, because the uninstaller already knows INSTDIR
            ReadRegStr $0 SHCTX "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}" ""

            ${If} $0 != ""
                ; If we're already installed, use the existing directory
                StrCpy $INSTDIR "$0"
            ${Else}
                StrCpy $INSTDIR "$INSTDIR_BASE\${PRODUCT_NAME}"
            ${Endif}
        ${Endif}
    FunctionEnd
!macroend

; Define the function twice, once for the installer and again for the uninstaller
!insertmacro ONINIT ""
!insertmacro ONINIT "un"

!define MUI_ABORTWARNING

!define MUI_COMPONENTSPAGE_NODESC
!insertmacro MUI_PAGE_COMPONENTS

!insertmacro MUI_PAGE_DIRECTORY

Var STARTMENU_FOLDER
!define MUI_STARTMENUPAGE_REGISTRY_ROOT "SHCTX"
!define MUI_STARTMENUPAGE_REGISTRY_KEY "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}"
!define MUI_STARTMENUPAGE_REGISTRY_VALUENAME "Start Menu Folder"
!insertmacro MUI_PAGE_STARTMENU ${PRODUCT_NAME} $STARTMENU_FOLDER

!insertmacro MUI_PAGE_INSTFILES
!insertmacro MUI_UNPAGE_CONFIRM
!insertmacro MUI_UNPAGE_INSTFILES

!insertmacro MUI_LANGUAGE "English"

Section "-Main Component"
    SetOutPath "$INSTDIR"

    File "C:\Windows\write.exe"

    WriteRegStr SHCTX "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "" $INSTDIR

    ; These registry entries are necessary for the program to show up in the Add/Remove programs dialog
    WriteRegStr SHCTX "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "DisplayName" "${PRODUCT_NAME}"
    WriteRegStr SHCTX "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "UninstallString" '"$INSTDIR\Uninstall.exe"'
    WriteRegDWORD SHCTX "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "NoModify" 1
    WriteRegDWORD SHCTX "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "NoRepair" 1

    WriteUninstaller "$INSTDIR\Uninstall.exe"

    !insertmacro MUI_STARTMENU_WRITE_BEGIN ${PRODUCT_NAME}
        CreateDirectory "$SMPROGRAMS\$STARTMENU_FOLDER\"
        CreateShortCut "$SMPROGRAMS\$STARTMENU_FOLDER\${PRODUCT_NAME}.lnk" "$INSTDIR\write.exe"
    !insertmacro MUI_STARTMENU_WRITE_END
SectionEnd

Section "Desktop shortcut"
    CreateShortCut "$DESKTOP\${PRODUCT_NAME}.lnk" "$INSTDIR\write.exe"
SectionEnd

Section "Uninstall"
    Delete "$INSTDIR\write.exe"

    Delete "$INSTDIR\Uninstall.exe"

    RMDir /r "$INSTDIR"

    !insertmacro MUI_STARTMENU_GETFOLDER ${PRODUCT_NAME} $STARTMENU_FOLDER
    Delete "$SMPROGRAMS\$STARTMENU_FOLDER\${PRODUCT_NAME}.lnk"
    RMDir /r "$SMPROGRAMS\$STARTMENU_FOLDER"

    Delete "$DESKTOP\${PRODUCT_NAME}.lnk"

    DeleteRegKey /ifempty SHCTX "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}"

    DeleteRegKey SHCTX "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\${PRODUCT_NAME}"
SectionEnd