在 dot net core MVC 中使用 Jwt 进行简单身份验证

Question

我正在尝试在我的 dot net core 应用程序中添加 JWT 验证。我已经关注this link 来了解 JWT 并能够通过提供一些这样的值来生成令牌。

var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
  issuer: issuer,
  audience: aud,
  claims: claims,
  expires: expTime,
  signingCredentials: creds
);

编辑：并关注this answer，我还添加了JwtBearerAuthentication middleware in my app by adding app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(new JwtBearerOptions { /* options */ }) to Startup.Configure() method。

现在我被困住了，我怎么能在 HTTP 标头中传递这个令牌？我在登录时生成此令牌，但接下来是什么？我怎么知道添加了 JWT 并且工作正常？？

我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

这是 ASP.NET Core 中承载令牌身份验证的可运行示例。
How to achieve a bearer token authentication and authorization in ASP.NET Core

在后端，您可以按照以下代码生成令牌：

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class TokenAuthController : Controller
{
    [HttpPost]
    public string GetAuthToken(User user)
    {
        var existUser = UserStorage.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Username == user.Username && u.Password == user.Password);

        if (existUser != null)
        {
            var requestAt = DateTime.Now;
            var expiresIn = requestAt + TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan;
            var token = GenerateToken(existUser, expiresIn);

            return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new {
                stateCode = 1,
                requertAt = requestAt,
                expiresIn = TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan.TotalSeconds,
                accessToken = token
            });
        }
        else
        {
            return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { stateCode = -1, errors = "Username or password is invalid" });
        }
    }

    private string GenerateToken(User user, DateTime expires)
    {
        var handler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();

        ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(
            new GenericIdentity(user.Username, "TokenAuth"),
            new[] {
                new Claim("ID", user.ID.ToString())
            }
        );

        var securityToken = handler.CreateToken(new SecurityTokenDescriptor
        {
            Issuer = TokenAuthOption.Issuer,
            Audience = TokenAuthOption.Audience,
            SigningCredentials = TokenAuthOption.SigningCredentials,
            Subject = identity,
            Expires = expires
        });
        return handler.WriteToken(securityToken);
    }
}

在 Startup.cs/ConfigureServices 方法中

services.AddAuthorization(auth =>
{
    auth.AddPolicy("Bearer", new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()
        .AddAuthenticationSchemes(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme‌​)
        .RequireAuthenticatedUser().Build());
});

并在配置方法中添加此代码

app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(new JwtBearerOptions {
    TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters {
        IssuerSigningKey = TokenAuthOption.Key,
        ValidAudience = TokenAuthOption.Audience,
        ValidIssuer = TokenAuthOption.Issuer,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
        ValidateLifetime = true,
        ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(0)
    }
});

在前端，您只需将令牌添加到标题中，如下所示：

$.ajaxSetup({
    headers: { "Authorization": "Bearer " + accessToken }
});

或

$.ajax("http://somedomain/somepath/somepage",{
    headers:{ "Authorization": "Bearer " + accessToken },
    /*some else parameter for ajax, see more you can review the Jquery API*/
});