检查字符串中是否存在数组的任何元素（Python）

Question

注意：我发现了一些类似的问题，但没有专门针对 Python 或此特定场景的问题。

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这是一个小示例（工作）sn-p，它在较大的字符串中搜索字符串（从字符串数组中）。

#!/usr/bin/python

matches = [
    "NEEDLE1",
    "NEEDLE2",
    "N33DL3"
]

haystack = 'this is a haystack, there may or may not be a noodley needle around here. Needless to say I hate N33DL3 people'

for match in matches:
    if match in haystack:
        print("Found")

问题：有没有一种“更好”的方法可以做到这一点，而不必遍历 (for match in matches) 每个数组元素？

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编辑： 接受的答案有效并且速度很快。以下是时间：

# Ran the following: 

starttime = timeit.default_timer()
for match in matches:
    if match in haystack:
        print("Found with looping in ", timeit.default_timer() - starttime)

starttime = timeit.default_timer()
if any(match in haystack for match in matches):
    print("Found with any() in ", timeit.default_timer() - starttime)

starttime = timeit.default_timer()
if re.search('|'.join(matches), haystack):
    print("Found with regex in ", timeit.default_timer() - starttime)


# After many trial runs, the regex continually came out much (much) faster: 

('Found with looping in ', 9.5367431640625e-07)
('Found with any() in ', 5.0067901611328125e-06)
('Found with regex in ', 0.0003647804260253906)

Answer 1

使用re:

import re

matches = ["NEEDLE1", "NEEDLE2", "N33DL3"]
haystack = 'this is a haystack, there may or may not be a noodley needle around here. Needless to say I hate N33DL3 people'

if re.search('|'.join(matches), haystack):
    print("Found")

'|' 符号在正则表达式中表示 or，因此您正在使用此搜索查找 matches 中的任何单词。

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编辑

如果您打算经常使用此搜索，我会在全局范围内编译一次正则表达式，或者然后在您需要的任何地方使用编译后的版本，而不是一遍又一遍地创建它：

find_matches = re.compile('|'.join(matches))
#then where you need it:
if find_matches.search(haystack):
    ...