使用 django 在 heroku 上部署引导程序

Question

我在 Heroku 客户端上部署 twitter 引导程序时遇到问题。我的 html 代码显示不正常（对齐、特殊表格布局等）

一切都在本地工作，但我认为这与未正确传输的静态文件有关。

这是静态文件结构，但是看看我在我的 live heroku 版本上打开“源 chrome 控制台”时的样子。

文件夹结构的视图

heroku上部署代码的文件夹结构

看起来有些文件夹是“缝合”到另一个的。我的问题可能是什么？我应该避免在我的文件名中使用“-”和“_”吗？

感谢您的帮助。

基于额外的问题，我在我的 settings.py 文件中添加了更多信息。我按照一个教程把所有的东西都做好了。还安装了 whitenoise，添加到 wsgi.py。

wsgi.py

"""
WSGI config for xforward project.

It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""

import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from whitenoise.django import DjangoWhiteNoise

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "xforward.settings")

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

application = get_wsgi_application()
application = DjangoWhiteNoise(application)

settings.py

--

"""
Django settings for xforward project on Heroku. For more info, see:
https://github.com/heroku/heroku-django-template

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/
"""

import os
import dj_database_url

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = "{{ secret_key }}"

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.admindocs', ### onbekend of deze nodig is
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    # Disable Django's own staticfiles handling in favour of WhiteNoise, for
    # greater consistency between gunicorn and `./manage.py runserver`. See:
    # http://whitenoise.evans.io/en/stable/django.html#using-whitenoise-in-development
    'whitenoise.runserver_nostatic',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'frontendapp',
]

LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'forwardthis'

EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend'

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'xforward.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
            'debug': DEBUG,
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'xforward.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': os.environ.get('postgresname'),
        'USER': os.environ.get('postgresuser'),
        'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('postgrespassword'),
        'HOST': os.environ.get('postgreshost'),
        'PORT': os.environ.get('postgresport'),
    }
}

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

# Update database configuration with $DATABASE_URL.
db_from_env = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=500)
DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)

# Honor the 'X-Forwarded-Proto' header for request.is_secure()
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')

# Allow all host headers
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'static'),
]

# Simplified static file serving.
# https://warehouse.python.org/project/whitenoise/
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.django.GzipManifestStaticFilesStorage'

--

Answer 1

在与 hansTheFranz 进行彻底讨论后，很明显问题与丢失的文件有关。

我用于与 github 同步的 sourcetree 应用程序中使用的默认 gitnore 阻止了几个静态文件夹上传到我的 git。从这个 gitnore 文件中删除这些文件夹就可以了。

感谢大家的帮助！

Answer 2

转到 Django 的 heroku 静态资产文档：

Heroku Documentation: Django and Static Assets

那里详细说明了所有内容，在settings.py中进行更改并安装whitenoise，它将起作用。