安装频道后 Daphne 抛出 500 内部服务器错误答案

【问题标题】：After Installing Channels Daphne throws 500 Internal Server Error安装频道后 Daphne 抛出 500 内部服务器错误
【发布时间】：2019-09-08 19:43:33
【问题描述】：

我正在试用 django 频道 2.x。安装和配置频道后。当我执行 runserver 命令时。我收到以下错误

Traceback（最近一次调用最后一次）：文件 "C:\Subbu\Episkope\Lessons\Django\WsChat\env\lib\site-packages\daphne\http_protocol.py", 第 179 行，处理中 "server": self.server_addr, TypeError: call() got an unexpected keyword argument 'receive'

我的设置文件：

"""
Django settings for WsChatProj project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'kl$#^tt6qnt8ww^rrhmj&&(l0&as4w-#fkb&a0e#^@&vz3*t)a'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    
    'channels',
    'WsChatApp',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'WsChatProj.urls'

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'WsChatProj.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

ASGI_APPLICATION = 'WsChatApp.routing.application'

我的 asgi.py

import os
import django
from channels.routing import get_default_application

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "WsChatApp.settings")
django.setup()
application = get_default_application()

我的路由.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.urls import path
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.security.websocket import AllowedHostsOriginValidator, OriginValidator
# from WsChatApp.consumers import ChatConsumer

application = ProtocolTypeRouter
({

})

我已经完全注释掉了consumers.py，只是为了首先解决这个错误，所以目前没有消费者

库版本

Channels 2.2.0
asgiref 2.2.0
redis 2.10.6
asgi-redis 1.4.3

我的另一个问题是，有一个通道层不是绝对必要的吗？因为在我正在关注的教程中，他们在 settings.py 中没有设置任何频道信息。最新的频道库是否在后台管理此问题？

【问题讨论】：

是的，你需要一个通道层。 Channels 使用 pub-sub 架构在 ASGI 应用程序的实例之间进行通信，通道层是它的核心。文档说它是可选的，但没有它你的聊天应用程序将无法正常工作
我会在通道层再试一次，如果问题得到解决，我会告诉你，我怀疑这个错误是否是由于没有通道层造成的。
嗨，肯！问题仍未解决，所以这看起来有些不同，可能是版本冲突或其他问题。
我的回答是针对您的最后一个问题，而不是针对错误。你到底运行什么命令？同时发布完整的堆栈跟踪
您好，肯感谢您的努力！我刚刚解决了这个问题。问题与频道的 routing.py 有关。再次重写代码后它就神奇地消失了，不知道如何。将发布我很快所做的详细答案。

标签： django-channels daphne

【解决方案1】：

您需要在 asgi.py 中进行更改
把它作为你的 asgi.py

"""
ASGI config for proj project.

It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/asgi/
"""

import os

from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
import django
from channels.http import AsgiHandler
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter

from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from django.urls import path
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'proj.settings')

application = get_asgi_application()

ws_pattern = []

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "websocket" : AuthMiddlewareStack(URLRouter(
        ws_pattern
    ))
})

【讨论】：