使用 Python 解析 XML 并创建 Excel 报告 - Elementree/lxml

Question

我正在尝试解析许多 XML 测试结果文件，并将测试用例名称、测试结果、失败消息等必要的数据转换为 excel 格式。我决定使用 Python。

我的 XML 文件是一个巨大的文件，格式如下。失败的案例有消息，通过的只有 . 我的要求是创建一个带有 testcasename、测试状态（通过/失败）、测试失败消息的 excel。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<testsuites xmlns:a="http://microsoft.com/schemas/VisualStudio/TeamTest/2006"
            xmlns:b="http://microsoft.com/schemas/VisualStudio/TeamTest/2010">
  <testsuite name="MSTestSuite" tests="192" time="0" failures="16" errors="0" skipped="0">
    <testcase classname="dfsgsgg" name="Results are displayed" time="27.8096966">
      <failure message="unknown error: jQuery is not defined&#xA;">  
      </failure>
      <system-out>Given the user is on the landing page
      -&gt; error: unknown error: jQuery is not defined
      </system-out>
      <system-err>unknown error: jQuery is not defined          
      </system-err>
    </testcase>
    <testcase classname="dfsgsgg" name="Results are displayed" time="27.8096966">
      <failure message="unknown error: jQuery is not defined&#xA;"> 
      </failure>
      <system-out>Given the user is on the landing page
      -&gt; error: unknown error: jQuery is not defined
      </system-out>
      <system-err>unknown error: jQuery is not defined          
      </system-err>
    </testcase>                                                               
    <testcase classname="dfsgsgg" name="Results are displayed" time="27.8096966">
      <failure message="unknown error: jQuery is not defined&#xA;"> 
      </failure>
      <system-out>Given the user is on the landing page
      -&gt; error: unknown error: jQuery is not defined
      </system-out>
      <system-err>unknown error: jQuery is not defined          
      </system-err>
    </testcase>                                                           
    <testcase classname="dfsgsgg" name="Results are displayed" time="27.8096966">
      <system-out>Given the user is on the landing page
      -&gt; error: unknown error: jQuery is not defined
      </system-out>
    </testcase>
  </testsuite>
</testsuites>

我想出了以下代码。如果有任何基本错误，请多多包涵，因为我对此很陌生。使用此代码，我可以检索测试用例名称、类名称，但我无法选择失败消息、系统输出和系统错误。虽然这些标签也是测试用例标签的一部分，但我无法获取它。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？谢谢！ 只有测试用例名和类名，我就可以写到excel。

## Parsing XML files ###

import os
import pandas as pd
from lxml import etree

df_reports = pd.DataFrame()
df = pd.DataFrame()
i = 0
pass_count = 0
fail_count = 0

path = '/TestReports_Backup/'
files = os.listdir(path)
print(len(files))

for file in files:
    file_path = path+file
    print(file_path)
    tree = etree.parse(file_path)
    testcases = tree.xpath('.//testcase')
    systemout = tree.xpath('.//testcase/system-out')
    failure = tree.xpath('.//testcase/failure')

    for testcase in testcases:
        test = {}
        test['TestCaseName'] = testcase.attrib['name']
        test['Classname'] = testcase.attrib['classname']
        test['TestStatus'] = failure.attrib['message']

        df = pd.DataFrame(test, index=[i])
        i = i + 1
        df_reports = pd.concat([df_reports, df])
        print(df_reports)

df.head()
df_reports.to_csv('/TestReports_Backup/Reports.csv')

Answer 1

由于您的 XML 相对扁平，请考虑使用列表/字典理解来检索所有子元素和 attrib 字典。从那里，在循环外调用pd.concat一次。下面运行 dictionary merge (Python 3.5+)。

path = "/TestReports_Backup"

def proc_xml(file_path):
    tree = etree.parse(os.path.join(path, file_path))
    
    data = [
        { **n.attrib, 
          **{k:v for el in n.xpath("*") for k,v in el.attrib.items()},
          **{el.tag: el.text.strip() for el in n.xpath("*") if el.text.strip()!=''}
        } for n in tree.xpath("//testcase")
    ] v
        
    return pd.DataFrame(data)
    
df_reports = pd.concat([
    proc_xml(f) 
    for f in os.listdir(path) 
    if f.endswith(".xml")
])

输出

  classname                   name        time                                 message                                         system-out                            system-err
0   dfsgsgg  Results are displayed  27.8096966  unknown error: jQuery is not defined\n  Given the user is on the landing page\n      -...  unknown error: jQuery is not defined
1   dfsgsgg  Results are displayed  27.8096966  unknown error: jQuery is not defined\n  Given the user is on the landing page\n      -...  unknown error: jQuery is not defined
2   dfsgsgg  Results are displayed  27.8096966  unknown error: jQuery is not defined\n  Given the user is on the landing page\n      -...  unknown error: jQuery is not defined
3   dfsgsgg  Results are displayed  27.8096966                                     NaN  Given the user is on the landing page\n      -...                                   NaN

此外，从 Pandas v1.3 开始，现在有一个可用的 read_xml（默认解析器为 lxml，默认检索特定 xpath 中的所有属性和子元素）：

path = "/TestReports_Backup"

df_reports = pd.concat([
    pd.read_xml(os.path.join(path, f), xpath="//testcase") 
    for f in os.listdir(path) 
    if f.endswith(".xml")
])