Python 字符串到文件

Question

我正在使用一个名为 PyAttck 的模块来提取数据，并且我有以下代码：

from pyattck import Attck

attack = Attck()

for technique in attack.enterprise.techniques:
    print(technique.id)
    print(technique.name)
    for subtechnique in technique.subtechniques:
        print(subtechnique.id)
        print(subtechnique.name)

这使我可以打印数据并查看它们中的每一个的类型，它们都是 。有没有办法可以将这些导出到 CSV 或 JSON 文件中？

Answer 1

首先我会展平数据，然后使用一个简单的函数写入文件：

# your data structure
attck_data = [
    {'id': '0', 'name': 'technique1', 'subtechniques': [
        {'id': '0', 'name': 'subtechnique0'},
        {'id': '1', 'name': 'subtechnique1'},
        {'id': '2', 'name': 'subtechnique2'},
    ]},
    {'id': '1', 'name': 'technique2', 'subtechniques': [
        {'id': '3', 'name': 'subtechnique3'},
        {'id': '4', 'name': 'subtechnique4'},
    ]},
]

# list comprehension to shape the data into a usable format
attck_flat = [{'id': technique['id'],
               'name': technique['name'],
               'sub_name': subtechnique['name'],
               'sub_id': subtechnique['id']}
              for technique in attck_data
              for subtechnique in technique['subtechniques']]

# let's see the new data
from pprint import pprint
pprint(attck_flat)

注意：我使用了一个字典列表来假设 Attck 类的数据结构，因为你拥有它的方式是不可复制的，即 technique.id 而不是 technique['id']。

您的代码将如下所示：

attck_flat = [{'id': technique.id,
               'name': technique.name,
               'sub_name': subtechnique.name,
               'sub_id': subtechnique.id}
              for technique in attack.enterprise.techniques
              for subtechnique in technique.subtechniques]

输出：

[{'id': '0', 'name': 'technique1', 'sub_id': '0', 'sub_name': 'subtechnique0'},
 {'id': '0', 'name': 'technique1', 'sub_id': '1', 'sub_name': 'subtechnique1'},
 {'id': '0', 'name': 'technique1', 'sub_id': '2', 'sub_name': 'subtechnique2'},
 {'id': '1', 'name': 'technique2', 'sub_id': '3', 'sub_name': 'subtechnique3'},
 {'id': '1', 'name': 'technique2', 'sub_id': '4', 'sub_name': 'subtechnique4'}]

从这里你可以使用我常用的 json/csv 编写器之一

json:

# funciton to write json files
import json
def write_json(data, path: str, indent=4):
    with open(path, 'w') as file:
        json.dump(data, file, indent=indent)

write_json(attck_flat, './attck.json')

输出：

[
    {
        "id": "0",
        "name": "technique1",
        "sub_name": "subtechnique0",
        "sub_id": "0"
    },
    {
        "id": "0",
        "name": "technique1",
        "sub_name": "subtechnique1",
        "sub_id": "1"
    },
    {
        "id": "0",
        "name": "technique1",
        "sub_name": "subtechnique2",
        "sub_id": "2"
    },
    {
        "id": "1",
        "name": "technique2",
        "sub_name": "subtechnique3",
        "sub_id": "3"
    },
    {
        "id": "1",
        "name": "technique2",
        "sub_name": "subtechnique4",
        "sub_id": "4"
    }
]

csv：

# function to write csv files
import csv
def write_csv(data, path: str):
    with open(path, 'w') as file:
        # get all the keys
        fieldnames = set().union(*data)
        writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=fieldnames,
                                lineterminator='\n')
        writer.writeheader()
        writer.writerows(data)

write_csv(attck_flat, './attck.csv')

输出：

sub_name,name,id,sub_id
subtechnique0,technique1,0,0
subtechnique1,technique1,0,1
subtechnique2,technique1,0,2
subtechnique3,technique2,1,3
subtechnique4,technique2,1,4