geb geckodriver 无法正常工作（启动多个浏览器窗口）答案

【问题标题】：geb geckodriver not working properly (launching multiple browser window)geb geckodriver 无法正常工作（启动多个浏览器窗口）
【发布时间】：2018-10-02 20:08:28
【问题描述】：

我想将 geb 与多个浏览器一起使用，特别是与 firefox 一起使用。但是我让firefox在不插入url的情况下启动多个窗口，最终失败。但是，我对 chrome 没有任何问题。 Chrome 运行良好。我正在使用 firefox 57.0.4（32 位）、geckodriver 0.20.1 和 selenium 3.11.0。

这就是我在 GebConfig.groovy 文件中对 firefox(geckodriver) 进行配置的方式。

driver = {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Data\\selenium\\geckodriver.exe")
        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox()
        capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
         new FirefoxDriver(capabilities)
     }

我也试过这样的简单配置：

driver="org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver"

在崩溃之前，它们都打开了多个新窗口，特别是 9 个新的 Firefox 窗口都失败了。下面是堆栈跟踪。

1524422284063   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422284107   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:23600
1524422284801   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.t9ACOIsvj903"
1524422286509   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Parent 5248, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 6128, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 6128, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422290031   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 53659
1524422290543   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422291404   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422291444   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:37977
1524422291888   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.TDpwyZXqxyTB"
1524422293344   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Parent 9756, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422296749   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 60160
1524422297189   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422298143   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422298191   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:32782
1524422298377   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.yBcRA1dKXoGT"
1524422299521   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Child 16340, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422302872   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 63356
1524422303045   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422303852   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422303895   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:19586
1524422304228   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program  
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.9ev5FY0xc1i7"
1524422305543   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
[Child 14868, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 14868, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422310032   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 64844
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
1524422310604   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422321813   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422321858   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:26836
1524422322191   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.ibDRBSonhkXz"
1524422323777   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
[GFX1-]: ClientLayerManager::BeginTransaction with IPC channel down. GPU 
process may have died.
[Parent 10436, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 16792, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 16792, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
1524422327647   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 49671
1524422327909   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
[GFX1-]: Could not get a DXGI adapter
1524422328854   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422328899   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:41041
1524422329094   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.nF37Bcb1rsbM"
1524422330408   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Parent 10360, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 12412, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 12412, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422335433   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 55596
1524422335714   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422336611   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422336657   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:44307
1524422337007   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.BZK9Y7YfOaPw"
1524422338399   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Child 5860, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 5860, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422348219   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 65437
1524422348734   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422350248   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422350322   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:36341
1524422350716   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.WMfmoDbCDTAT"
1524422353025   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Child 10468, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
[Child 10468, Chrome_ChildThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422358314   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 56794
1524422358557   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
1524422359719   geckodriver INFO    geckodriver 0.20.1
1524422359781   geckodriver INFO    Listening on 127.0.0.1:29271
1524422360457   mozrunner::runner   INFO    Running command: "C:\\Program 
Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe" "-marionette" "-profile" 
"C:\\Users\\My user 
name\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\rust_mozprofile.L8VJnzbpCkrK"
1524422362362   Marionette  INFO    Enabled via --marionette
[Parent 6760, Gecko_IOThread] WARNING: pipe error: 109: file 
z:/build/build/src/ipc/chromium/src/chrome/common/ipc_channel_win.cc, line 
346
1524422368470   Marionette  INFO    Listening on port 54188
1524422368810   Marionette  DEBUG   Register listener.js for window 
4294967297
Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Errors: 6, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 102.379 sec 
<<< FAILURE! - in MyTestSuite
mytestfunction(MyTestSuite)  Time elapsed: 29.182 sec  <<< ERROR!
geb.driver.DriverCreationException: failed to create driver from callback ' 
script1524422266628441905114$_run_closure1@2643ed03'
at MyTestSuite.mytestfunction(MyTestSuite.groovy:25)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: 
Unable to create new remote session. desired capabilities = Capabilities 
[{marionette=true, browserName=firefox, moz:firefoxOptions= 
{binary=Optional.empty, args=[], legacy=null, logLevel=null, prefs={}, 
profile=null}, version=, platform=ANY}], required capabilities = 
Capabilities [{moz:firefoxOptions={binary=Optional.empty, args=[], 
legacy=null, logLevel=null, prefs={}, profile=null}}]
Build info: version: '3.3.1', revision: '5234b325d5', time: '2017-03-10 
09:10:29 +0000'
System info: host: 'Hostname', ip: 'xxx.xxx.xx.xx', os.name: 'Windows 7', 
os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_144'
Driver info: driver.version: FirefoxDriver

我现在很困惑，因为到目前为止论坛上所有可能的解决方案都不起作用。

这是 GebConfig.groovy 文件：

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.os.ExecutableFinder
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.CapabilityType;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;

 reportsDir = "target/geb-reports"
 driver = null

    driver = {
    System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\eclipse-jee-workspace\\geb-example-maven\\drivers\\geckodriver.exe")
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox()
    capabilities.setCapability("marionette", true);
    new FirefoxDriver(capabilities)
 }




baseUrl = "http://gebish.org"

这是 GebishOrgSpec .groovy 文件

import geb.spock.GebSpec

class GebishOrgSpec extends GebSpec {

def "can get to the current Book of Geb"() {
    when:
    to GebishOrgHomePage

    and:
    manualsMenu.open()

    then:
    manualsMenu.links[0].text().startsWith("current")

    when:
    manualsMenu.links[0].click()

    then:
    at TheBookOfGebPage
  }
}

这是 GebishOrgHomePage.groovy 文件

  import geb.Page

  class GebishOrgHomePage extends Page {

   static at = { title == "Geb - Very Groovy Browser Automation" }

 static content = {
    manualsMenu { module(ManualsMenuModule) }
 }

}

这里是 ManualsMenuModule.groovy

import geb.Module

 class ManualsMenuModule extends Module {
  static content = {
    toggle { $("div.menu a.manuals") }
    linksContainer { $("#manuals-menu") }
    links { linksContainer.find("a") }
}

void open() {
    toggle.click()
    waitFor { !linksContainer.hasClass("animating") }
 }
}

这是 TheBookOfGebPage.groovy

import geb.Page

class TheBookOfGebPage extends Page {

static at = { title.startsWith("The Book Of Geb") }
}

这里是pom

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0                       
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.gebish.example</groupId>
<artifactId>geb-maven-example</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1</version>
 <name>Geb Maven Example</name>
 <url>http://gebish.org</url>
 <properties>
 <gebVersion>1.1.1</gebVersion>
 <seleniumVersion>3.3.1</seleniumVersion>
 <groovyVersion>2.4.11</groovyVersion>
 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
 <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
 </properties>
 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
  <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
  <version>${groovyVersion}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.12</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
    <groupId>com.opencsv</groupId>
    <artifactId>opencsv</artifactId>
    <version>4.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
     <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
     <version>3.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
    <version>3.9</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->

 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
    <version>3.9</version>
 </dependency>

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.xmlbeans/xmlbeans -->
 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
    <artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.0</version>
 </dependency>






 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.spockframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spock-core</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-groovy-2.4</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
      <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
    </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.gebish</groupId>
  <artifactId>geb-spock</artifactId>
  <version>${gebVersion}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
  <artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
  <version>${seleniumVersion}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-remote-driver -->
 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-firefox-driver</artifactId>
    <version>${seleniumVersion}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-ie-driver -->
 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-ie-driver</artifactId>
    <version>${seleniumVersion}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>


 <dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
  <version>3.5</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.19</version>
    <configuration>
      <includes>
        <include>*Spec.*</include>
      </includes>
      <systemPropertyVariables>
        <geb.build.reportsDir>target/test-reports/geb</geb.build.reportsDir>
      </systemPropertyVariables>
    </configuration>
  </plugin>
    <plugin>
    <groupId>com.rimerosolutions.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>wrapper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.4</version>
    <configuration>
      <mavenVersion>3.3.3</mavenVersion>
    </configuration>
  </plugin>
  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.codehaus.gmaven</groupId>
    <artifactId>gmaven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.5</version>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <goals>
          <goal>testCompile</goal>
        </goals>
      </execution>
    </executions>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
        <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
        <version>${groovyVersion}</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </plugin>
  <plugin>
  <groupId>com.github.webdriverextensions</groupId>
  <artifactId>webdriverextensions-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.1</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>install-drivers</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <drivers>
      <driver>
        <name>chromedriver</name>
        <version>2.36</version>
        <platform>windows</platform>
      </driver>
      <!-- <driver>
        <name>chromedriver</name>
        <version>2.36</version>
        <platform>windows</platform>
      </driver>-->
     <!-- <driver>
        <name>geckodriver</name>
        <version>0.14.0</version>
        <platform>windows</platform>
      </driver>-->
      <driver>
        <name>geckodriver</name>
        <version>0.20.1</version>
        <platform>windows</platform>
      </driver>
    </drivers>

  </configuration>
  </plugin>
</plugins>
<pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
        <!--This plugin's configuration is used to store Eclipse m2e 
settings only. It has no influence on the Maven build itself.-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
            <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                    <pluginExecutions>
                        <pluginExecution>
                            <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                <groupId>
                                    com.github.webdriverextensions
                                </groupId>
                                <artifactId>
                                    webdriverextensions-maven-plugin
                                </artifactId>
                                <versionRange>
                                    [3.1.1,)
                                </versionRange>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>install-drivers</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </pluginExecutionFilter>
                            <action>
                                <ignore></ignore>
                            </action>
                        </pluginExecution>
                        <pluginExecution>
                            <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                <groupId>
                                    org.codehaus.gmaven
                                </groupId>
                                <artifactId>
                                    gmaven-plugin
                                </artifactId>
                                <versionRange>[1.5,)</versionRange>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>testCompile</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </pluginExecutionFilter>
                            <action>
                                <ignore></ignore>
                            </action>
                        </pluginExecution>
                    </pluginExecutions>
                </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</pluginManagement>

【问题讨论】：

标签： java selenium-webdriver groovy automated-tests geb

【解决方案1】：

我在尝试使用 x64 驱动程序时遇到了类似的问题。每个版本 > 0.14.0 都会显示此症状（4 个空的浏览器窗口，4 个需要手动杀死的 geckodriver.exe 实例）。一旦我将我的项目恢复到 0.14.0，一切都像魅力一样再次运行，即使使用当前的 FF Quantum 59.0.2（64 位）。

当然，这不是解决方案，而是解决方法。 Geckodriver是否有相应的票我不知道。我还没查。

更新：我仍在使用 Selenium 3.0.1。也许这就是为什么我不能使用从未使用过的 Geckodriver 版本的原因，因为在 release page 上它说对于驱动程序版本 0.15，您至少需要 Selenium 3.3。但是正如您所说，您使用的是 Selenium 3.11，这应该不是问题。甚至 Geckodriver 0.19.0 也只需要 Selenium 3.5。但也许您的 Maven 设置存在缺陷，并且它以某种方式引入了较旧的 Selenium 版本。你可以检查一下。

【讨论】：

我同意 kriegaex 的观点，这很可能是某种 WebDriver + geckodriver + FF 版本不兼容。我会首先尝试将您的 FF 升级到最新版本，如果这没有帮助，我将开始降级 WebDriver 和 geckodriver。我可以确认本地 FF 56.0.2、WebDriver 3.6.0 和 geckodriver 0.19.0 的组合对我有用。
不幸的是我仍然有同样的问题。使用 selenium 3.0.1 和 geckodriver 0.14.0 我有一个窗口打开了一段时间，但 url 没有填写，大约 30 分钟后打开了新窗口。
那么请提供一个完整的、最小的项目（MCVE），包括。 Maven 构建，以便我可以重现您的问题。 GitHub会很好。顺便说一句，如果可以的话，您也可以尝试 64 位而不是 32 位。这是我目前可以看到的我们的设置之间的差异。但是现在说代码真的会更好，而不仅仅是散文。这是 StackOverflow。谢谢。
我在使用 Internet Explorer 时遇到了同样的问题。
感谢 MCVE。我可以像在我自己的项目中一样使用 0.20 驱动程序重现问题，这并不奇怪。但对我来说，如果 (a) 我将 Gecko 驱动程序从 0.20.1 更改为 0.14.0 并且 (b)将 GebConfig 中的驱动程序名称从“geckodriver.exe”更改为“geckodriver-windows-64bit.exe”。也许你忘记了这一点，总是将你的测试指向一个重命名的驱动程序有问题的版本，而不是 Maven 下载的驱动程序。