按下按钮后 Tkinter.Label 不显示

Question

我正在尝试制作，按下按钮后，我会在标签中显示获取的信息，但是，我似乎无法让标签出现在 GUI 中。我收到错误，当我按“Vartotojo informacija > 输入名称并按“rodyti informacija”时，我在这一行出现错误w.pack(LEFT)（应该是第 95 行）：

完整的追溯：

'id' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1542, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "tkinter-label-not-showing-after-button-pressed.py", line 96, in <lambda>
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Rodyti informacija", command=lambda: gauti())
  File "tkinter-label-not-showing-after-button-pressed.py", line 103, in gauti
    w.pack(LEFT)
  File "C:\Python\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1946, in pack_configure
    + self._options(cnf, kw))
  File "C:\Python\lib\lib-tk\Tkinter.py", line 1169, in _options
    for k, v in cnf.items():
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'items'

我的代码：

from Tkinter import *
import tkMessageBox
from sys import version_info
import subprocess

root = Tk()
root.title("Administravimas")

virsus = Frame(root)
virsus.pack()
apacia = Frame(root)
apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)

def filtras():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Filtravimas pagal uzklausa")
    root.geometry("300x100")
    tekstas = Text(root, height=1, width=15)
    tekstas.pack(side=TOP)
    virsus = Frame(root)
    virsus.pack()
    apacia = Frame(root)
    apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Filtruoti", command=lambda: gauti())
    myg1.pack(side=BOTTOM)

    def gauti():
        imti=tekstas.get("1.0", "end-1c")
        subprocess.call("grep -i '{imti}' /var/log/syslog > "
                        "logai/uzklausa/$(date +%d_%m_%Y.txt)".format(imti=imti),
                        shell=True)

def vartotojas():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Filtravimas pagal vartotoju prisijungimus")
    root.geometry("300x100")
    tekstas = Text(root, height=1, width=15)
    tekstas.pack(side=TOP)
    virsus = Frame(root)
    virsus.pack()
    apacia = Frame(root)
    apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Filtruoti", command=lambda: gauti())
    myg1.pack(side=BOTTOM)

    def gauti():
        imti = tekstas.get("1.0", "end-1c")
        subprocess.call("grep -i '{imti}' /var/log/auth.log > "
                        "logai/vartotojai/$(date +%d_%m_%Y.txt)".format(imti=imti),
                        shell=True)

def portas():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Atidaryti/uzdaryti portus")
    root.geometry("300x100")
    virsus = Frame(root)
    virsus.pack()
    apacia = Frame(root)
    apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Atidaryti porta")
    myg2 = Button(virsus, text="Uzdaryti porta")
    myg1.pack(side=LEFT)
    myg2.pack(side=LEFT)
    root.mainloop()

def administ():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Administrouti vartotojus")
    root.geometry("400x100")
    virsus = Frame(root)
    virsus.pack()
    apacia = Frame(root)
    apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Kurti vartotoja")
    myg1.pack(side=LEFT)
    myg2 = Button(virsus, text="Naikinti vartotoja")
    myg2.pack(side=LEFT)
    myg3 = Button(virsus, text="Keisti vartotojo grupe")
    myg3.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    root.mainloop()

def informacija():
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Vartotoju informacija")
    root.geometry("400x100")
    tekstas = Text(root, height=1, width=15)
    tekstas.pack(side=TOP)

    virsus = Frame(root)
    virsus.pack()
    apacia = Frame(root)
    apacia.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Rodyti informacija", command=lambda: gauti())
    myg1.pack(side=BOTTOM)

    def gauti():
        imti = tekstas.get("1.0", "end-1c")
        info = subprocess.call("id '{imti}' ".format(imti=imti), shell=True)
        w = Label(root, text= "info")
        w.pack(LEFT)

    root.mainloop()

myg1 = Button(virsus, text="Filtruoti pagal uzklausa", command=filtras)
myg2 = Button(apacia, text="Filtrouti pagal vartotoju prisijungimus", command=vartotojas)
myg3 = Button(virsus, text="Atidaryti/uzdaryti portus", command=portas)
myg4 = Button(apacia, text="Administruoti vartotojus", command=administ)
myg5 = Button(apacia, text="Vartotojo informacija", command=informacija)


myg1.pack(side=LEFT)
myg2.pack(side=RIGHT)
myg3.pack(side=LEFT)
myg4.pack(side=RIGHT)
myg5.pack(side=RIGHT)

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

就我所见，声明w.pack(LEFT) 只需要一个关键字（即w.pack(side=LEFT)。没有关键字，它需要一个另一种类型的参数（当调用help(Button.pack) 时，你会看到这个位置参数会成为字典）