来自txt文件的scrapy start_urls

Question

我有大约 100K 的网址要抓取，所以我想从 txt 文件中读取它们 这是代码

import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess

class ConadstoresSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'conadstores'
    headers = {'user_agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1"}
    allowed_domains = ['conad.it']
    #start_urls = ['http://www.conad.it/ricerca-negozi/negozio.002781.html','https://www.conad.it/ricerca-negozi/negozio.006804.html']
    #start_urls = [l.strip() for l in open("/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/conad/conadlinks.txt").readlines()]
    #f = open("/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/conad/conadlinks.txt")
    #start_urls = [url.strip() for url in f.readlines()]
    #f.close()

    with open('/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/conad/conadlinks.txt') as file:
        start_urls = [line.strip() for line in file]


    def start_request(self):
        request = Request(url = self.start_urls, callback=self.parse)
        yield request

    def parse(self, response):
        yield {
            'address' : response.css('.address-oswald::text').extract(),
            'phone' : response.css('span.phone::text').extract(),

        }

但我不断收到此错误

2021-12-08 13:27:48 [scrapy.core.engine] 错误：获取启动请求时出错 回溯（最近一次通话最后）： _next_request 中的文件“/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/scrapy/core/engine.py”，第 127 行 请求 = 下一个（slot.start_requests） 文件“/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/conad/conad/middlewares.py”，第 52 行，在 process_start_requests 对于 start_requests 中的 r： 文件“/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/scrapy/spiders/init.py”，第 83 行，在 start_requests 产量请求（网址，dont_filter=True） 文件“/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/scrapy/http/request/init.py”，第 25 行，在 init self._set_url(url) _set_url 中的文件“/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/scrapy/http/request/init.py”，第 62 行 raise ValueError('请求 url 中缺少方案：%s' % self._url) ValueError：请求网址中缺少方案：%7B%5Crtf1%5Cansi%5Cansicpg1252%5Ccocoartf2580

有什么想法吗？ 谢谢！

Answer 1

我们可以覆盖spider的start_requests()方法中的start_urls逻辑

这是提取数据的简单方法

import scrapy


class ConadstoresSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'conadstores'

    def start_requests(self):
        # read file data (you can use different logic for extract URLS from text files)
        a_file = open("/Users/macbook/PycharmProjects/conad/conad/conadlinks.txt")
        file_contents = a_file.read()
        contents_split = file_contents.splitlines()
        # extract urls from text file and store in list
        for url in contents_split:
            # send request to extracted URL.
            yield scrapy.Request(url)

    def parse(self, response, **kwargs):
        yield {
            'address': response.css('.address-oswald::text').extract(),
            'phone': response.css('span.phone::text').extract(),

        }

您可以使用不同的文件读取逻辑，但请确保它是返回 url 列表。