无法 pip 安装 mysqlclient 并执行“gcc”：权限被拒绝答案

【问题标题】：unable pip install mysqlclient & execute 'gcc': Permission denied无法 pip 安装 mysqlclient 并执行“gcc”：权限被拒绝
【发布时间】：2019-08-25 04:34:00
【问题描述】：

如果我问一些非常简单的问题，请原谅我

我正在远程服务器上通过 Namecheap（无 root 访问权限）设置 Django 应用程序

和我的服务器信息：

Apache 版本：2.4.38

MySQL 版本：10.1.38-MariaDB-cll-lve

架构：x86_64

操作系统：linux

Python：3.7

Django：2.1.7

现在我正在尝试让 mysql DB 连接到我的 django 应用程序。

但是当我尝试使用 pip install mysqlclient 安装连接器 mysqlclient 时

我遇到了这个错误：

  $ pip install mysqlclient
  Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f4/f1/3bb6f64ca7a429729413e6556b7ba5976df06019a5245a43d36032f1061e/mysqlclient-1.4.2.post1.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for mysqlclient ... error
  Complete output from command /home/letsilap/virtualenv/IOT/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_19o3wdf/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmp45bylejwpip-wheel- --python-tag cp37:
  /opt/alt/python37/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
    warnings.warn(msg)
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
  running build_ext
  building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
  gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,4,2,'post',1) -D__version__=1.4.2.post1 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/mysql/.. -I/opt/alt/python37/include/python3.7m -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/_mysql.o
  unable to execute 'gcc': Permission denied
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1


  Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
  Running setup.py clean for mysqlclient
Failed to build mysqlclient
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    Complete output from command /home/letsilap/virtualenv/IOT/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_19o3wdf/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-v39up5s1-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/letsilap/virtualenv/IOT/3.7/include/site/python3.7/mysqlclient:
    /opt/alt/python37/lib64/python3.7/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
      warnings.warn(msg)
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb
    gcc -pthread -Wsign-compare -DDYNAMIC_ANNOTATIONS_ENABLED=1 -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,4,2,'post',1) -D__version__=1.4.2.post1 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/mysql/.. -I/opt/alt/python37/include/python3.7m -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.7/MySQLdb/_mysql.o
    unable to execute 'gcc': Permission denied
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    Command "/home/letsilap/virtualenv/IOT/3.7/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-_19o3wdf/mysqlclient/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-v39up5s1-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/letsilap/virtualenv/IOT/3.7/include/site/python3.7/mysqlclient" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-_19o3wdf/mysqlclient/

我进入一个错误信息，（明白）

unable to execute 'gcc': Permission denied
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

似乎表明错误在于luinx系统的权限

有谁知道如何解决这个问题？高度，学徒

【问题讨论】：

看来您不仅有 root 访问权限——您无权访问编译器（很可能也无权访问其他开发工具）。没有管理员的帮助，您无法安装 Python 模块。

标签： python mysql pip

【解决方案1】：

无法执行“gcc”：权限被拒绝

表示您的用户没有运行gcc C 编译器的权限。

这很不寻常，听起来像是您正在使用的服务器上的（有点笨拙的）安全措施。您需要向管理服务器的人员寻求帮助。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您通常必须具有 root 权限才能运行这些类型的命令。将sudo 添加到您的命令中：

sudo pip install mysqlclient

【讨论】：

对不起，shotgunner，但我没有 root 访问权限
试试这个：stackoverflow.com/questions/7465445/…
@RookiesDJ。 pip install --user mysqlclient 是否也失败了？
是的，我收到此错误； 无法执行“--user”安装。用户站点包在此 virtualenv 中不可见。