两个设备之间的连接错误：ImportError: libmariadb.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

Question

我有两台设备用作 MySql 服务器和 Django 服务器。在我的开发设备上运行的系统在切换到其他设备时变得无法运行。 192.168.3.60 上的设置：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'bildirdi_hurmalar',
        'USER': 'gungelir_tirmalar',
        'PASSWORD': 'EhuEhu_1793',
        'HOST': '192.168.3.65',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}

Apache2 和 wsgi 在主端。 运行 Migrate 或 runserver 时出错：

(env) pi@raspberrypi:~/bilidrdi.com $ python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
    from . import _mysql
ImportError: libmariadb.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 917, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 865, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 110, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 87, in raise_last_exception
    raise _exception[1]
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 301, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 3, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 48, in <module>
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 122, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 326, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 207, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/connection.py", line 15, in __getattr__
    return getattr(self._connections[self._alias], item)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/connection.py", line 62, in __getitem__
    conn = self.create_connection(alias)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 204, in create_connection
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 15, in <module>
    import MySQLdb as Database
  File "/home/pi/bilidrdi.com/env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    version_info, _mysql.version_info, _mysql.__file__
NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined

要求：

asgiref==3.4.1
Django==3.2.5 
django-bootstrap-form==3.4
django-post-office==3.5.3 
jsonfield==3.1.0 
mysql-client==0.0.1
mysqlclient==2.0.3 
nano==0.10.0 
Pillow==8.3.1 
pkg-resources==0.0.0
pytz==2021.1 
sqlparse==0.4.1 
typing-extensions==3.10.0.0

192.1683.65 是 debian 上的专用服务器。

Answer 1

尝试安装 libmariadbclient-dev:

sudo apt install libmariadbclient-dev