Django：在 ModelForm 中为外键添加“添加新”按钮

Question

TL;DR：如何在 ModelForm 中为 ForeignKey 添加“添加新”按钮？

加长版： 我正在为一个项目使用 Django 1.7。我的models.py中有这两个模型

class Client(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Order(models.Model):
    code = models.IntegerField()
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)

[省略其他一些不相关的字段]

我正在使用 ModelForm 用新订单填充数据库，如下所示：

class OrderNewForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Order

Django 在为客户端字段添加下拉菜单方面做得非常好，用从客户端获取的条目填充它。不过，我希望在添加相关订单的同时有一个“添加新客户”链接/按钮/添加全新客户的任何内容。

Django 管理员会自动执行此操作，添加一个“+”按钮“打开一个弹出窗口，但我找不到像上面那样在 ModelForm 中执行此操作的简单方法。我在这里阅读了很多问题并在其他地方链接，但没有什么真正帮助我。对此有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

我已经在自定义小部件中解决了它。我不记得我是从 Django 管理员那里获得的，还是我从头开始构建的。

所以表格将是：

class OrderNewForm(forms.ModelForm):

   client = forms.ModelChoiceField(
       required=False,
       queryset=Client.objects.all(),
       widget=RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd(Client, related_url="so_client_add")
                                )
   class Meta:
       model = Order
       fields = ('code', 'client')

呈现“+”按钮并链接到管理界面中的添加弹出窗口或您使用 related_url 参数提供的自定义视图的小部件是：

from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.forms import widgets
from django.conf import settings

class RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd(widgets.Select):

    def __init__(self, related_model, related_url=None, *args, **kw):

        super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).__init__(*args, **kw)

        if not related_url:
            rel_to = related_model
            info = (rel_to._meta.app_label, rel_to._meta.object_name.lower())
            related_url = 'admin:%s_%s_add' % info

        # Be careful that here "reverse" is not allowed
        self.related_url = related_url

    def render(self, name, value, *args, **kwargs):
        self.related_url = reverse(self.related_url)
        output = [super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).render(name, value, *args, **kwargs)]
        output.append(u'<a href="%s" class="add-another" id="add_id_%s" onclick="return showAddAnotherPopup(this);"> ' % \
            (self.related_url, name))
        output.append(u'<img src="%sadmin/img/icon_addlink.gif" width="10" height="10" alt="%s"/></a>' % (settings.STATIC_URL, _('Add Another')))                                                                                                                               
       return mark_safe(u''.join(output))

Answer 2

对于python3：

class RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd(widgets.Select):

    def __init__(self, related_model, related_url=None, *args, **kw):

        super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).__init__(*args, **kw)

        if not related_url:
            rel_to = related_model
            info = (rel_to._meta.app_label, rel_to._meta.object_name.lower())
            related_url = 'admin:%s_%s_add' % info

        # Be careful that here "reverse" is not allowed
        self.related_url = related_url

    def render(self, name, value, *args, **kwargs):
        self.related_url = reverse(self.related_url)
        output = [super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).render(name, value, *args, **kwargs)]
        output.append('<a href="%s" class="add-another" id="add_id_%s" onclick="return showAddAnotherPopup(this);"> ' % \
            (self.related_url, name))
        output.append('<img src="%sadmin/img/icon_addlink.gif" width="10" height="10" alt="%s"/></a>' % (settings.STATIC_URL, 'Add Another'))
        return mark_safe(''.join(output))

Answer 3

并添加到 RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd 功能以直接向字段添加新值添加“?_to_field=id&_popup=1”到 url... 因此在 python3 中（感谢 Cyril）：

class RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd(widgets.Select):

def __init__(self, related_model, related_url=None, *args, **kw):

    super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).__init__(*args, **kw)

    if not related_url:
        rel_to = related_model
        info = (rel_to._meta.app_label, rel_to._meta.object_name.lower())
        related_url = 'admin:%s_%s_add' % info

    # Be careful that here "reverse" is not allowed
    self.related_url = related_url

def render(self, name, value, *args, **kwargs):
    self.related_url = reverse(self.related_url)
    output = [super(RelatedFieldWidgetCanAdd, self).render(name, value, *args, **kwargs)]
    output.append('<a href="%s?_to_field=id&_popup=1" class="add-another" id="add_id_%s" onclick="return showAddAnotherPopup(this);"> ' % \
        (self.related_url, name))
    output.append('<img src="%sadmin/img/icon_addlink.gif" width="10" height="10" alt="%s"/></a>' % (settings.STATIC_URL, 'Add Another'))
    return mark_safe(''.join(output))