在 matplotlib 中更改阴影颜色

Question

感谢您帮助我正确地制作此图表！

我现在有另一个问题，我希望将阴影线的颜色更改为灰色。

我正在使用 matplotlib 版本 1.5.3'。我试过 mlp.rcParams['hatch.color'] = 'k'

但是好像不行……

这是我已经拥有的图的代码，谢谢：

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
mypallet = sns.color_palette([(190/256,7/256, 18/256),(127/256, 127/256, 127/256)])
import itertools
import numpy as np

plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = 7, 5
tips = sns.load_dataset("tips")
tips[(tips.day=='Thur') & (tips.sex=='Female') ] = np.nan
print(sns.__version__)
print(tips.head())
# Bigger than normal fonts
sns.set(font_scale=1.5)

ax = sns.swarmplot(x="day", y="total_bill", hue="sex",
                 data=tips, dodge=True, color='k')

#get first patchcollection
c0 = ax.get_children()[0]
x,y = np.array(c0.get_offsets()).T
#Add .2 to x values
xnew=x+.2
offsets = list(zip(xnew,y))
#set newoffsets
c0.set_offsets(offsets)

ax = sns.barplot(x="day", y="total_bill", hue="sex",
                 data=tips, capsize=0.1, alpha=0.8,
                 errwidth=1.25, ci=None, palette=mypallet)
xcentres = [0.2, 1, 2, 3]
delt = 0.2
xneg = [x-delt for x in xcentres]
xpos = [x+delt for x in xcentres]
xvals = xneg + xpos
xvals.sort()
yvals = tips.groupby(["day", "sex"]).mean().total_bill
yerr = tips.groupby(["day", "sex"]).std().total_bill

(_, caps, _)=ax.errorbar(x=xvals, y=yvals, yerr=yerr, capsize=4,
                         ecolor="red", elinewidth=1.25, fmt='none')
for cap in caps:
    cap.set_markeredgewidth(2)


handles, labels = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()
l = ax.legend(handles[0:2], labels[0:2]) # changed based on https://*.com/a/42768387/8508004
#sns.ax.ylim([0,60]) #original
ax.set_ylim([0,60]) # adapted from https://*.com/a/49049501/8508004 and change to legend
ax.set_ylabel("Out-of-sample R2") # based on https://*.com/a/46235777/8508004
ax.set_xlabel("") # based on https://*.com/a/46235777/8508004

for i, bar in enumerate(ax.patches):
    hatch = '///'
    bar.set_hatch(hatch)
    bar.set_x(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2)
    break

我想将填充图案的颜色从黑色更改为灰色：(127/256, 127/256, 127/256)

Answer 1

添加 plt.rcParams['hatch.linewidth'] = 3 并使用 set_edgecolor，认为 `plt.rcParams['hatch.color'] = 'k' 不起作用是一个错误。

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib as mpl
mypallet = sns.color_palette([(190/256,7/256, 18/256),(127/256, 127/256, 127/256)])
import itertools
import numpy as np

plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = 7, 5
plt.rcParams['hatch.linewidth'] = 3
tips = sns.load_dataset("tips")
tips[(tips.day=='Thur') & (tips.sex=='Female') ] = np.nan
print(sns.__version__)
print(tips.head())
# Bigger than normal fonts
sns.set(font_scale=1.5)

ax = sns.swarmplot(x="day", y="total_bill", hue="sex",
                 data=tips, dodge=True, color='k')

#get first patchcollection
c0 = ax.get_children()[0]
x,y = np.array(c0.get_offsets()).T
#Add .2 to x values
xnew=x+.2
offsets = list(zip(xnew,y))
#set newoffsets
c0.set_offsets(offsets)

ax = sns.barplot(x="day", y="total_bill", hue="sex",
                 data=tips, capsize=0.1, alpha=0.8,
                 errwidth=1.25, ci=None, palette=mypallet)


xcentres = [0.2, 1, 2, 3]
delt = 0.2
xneg = [x-delt for x in xcentres]
xpos = [x+delt for x in xcentres]
xvals = xneg + xpos
xvals.sort()
yvals = tips.groupby(["day", "sex"]).mean().total_bill
yerr = tips.groupby(["day", "sex"]).std().total_bill

(_, caps, _)=ax.errorbar(x=xvals, y=yvals, yerr=yerr, capsize=4,
                         ecolor="red", elinewidth=1.25, fmt='none')
for cap in caps:
    cap.set_markeredgewidth(2)


handles, labels = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()
l = ax.legend(handles[0:2], labels[0:2]) # changed based on https://*.com/a/42768387/8508004
#sns.ax.ylim([0,60]) #original
ax.set_ylim([0,60]) # adapted from https://*.com/a/49049501/8508004 and change to legend
ax.set_ylabel("Out-of-sample R2") # based on https://*.com/a/46235777/8508004
ax.set_xlabel("") # based on https://*.com/a/46235777/8508004

for i, bar in enumerate(ax.patches):
    hatch = '///'
    bar.set_hatch(hatch)
    bar.set_edgecolor('k')
    bar.set_x(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2)
    break

输出：

Answer 2

AFAIK，阴影颜色由 edgecolor 属性决定，但问题是它也会影响条形的边框

顺便说一句，我对代码末尾的循环感到困惑，我将其重写为：

(...)
ax.set_xlabel("") # based on https://*.com/a/46235777/8508004

bar = ax.patches[0] #  modify properties of first bar (index 0)
hatch = '///'
bar.set_hatch(hatch)
bar.set_x(bar.get_x() + bar.get_width()/2)
bar.set_edgecolor([0.5,0.5,0.5])

要更改影线的线宽，您似乎必须修改 rcParams。您可以将其添加到靠近脚本顶部的位置：

plt.rcParams['hatch.linewidth'] = 3

Answer 3

plt.rcParams.update({'hatch.color': 'k'})

Answer 4

对于可能还发现舱口未显示或颜色不正确的人来说，这只是两个额外的提示。

首先，检查您是否在其他地方设置了一些边缘颜色。这似乎优先于指定的阴影颜色。 其次，如果你绘制一个补丁，使用facecolor而不是color。使用color，舱口将不可见：

所以不是这样：

from matplotlib.patches import Polygon, Patch
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.legend(handles=[Patch(color='red', hatch='///')])  # no hatch visible 
plt.show()

改为：

from matplotlib.patches import Polygon, Patch
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.legend(handles=[Patch(facecolor='red', hatch='///')])  # hatch is now visible 
plt.show()