Python Turtle 中的箭头命令

Question

我一直在尝试使用画布功能将海龟放入 tkinter。我希望能够制作一个海龟蚀刻素描器，这样我就可以用箭头键控制海龟。我似乎无法让它工作并且不理解它吐出的错误：

NameError: name 'Screen' is not defined

这是我的代码：

import tkinter as tk
import turtle

window = tk.Tk()
window.geometry("750x500")
window.resizable(0,0)

app = tk.Canvas(master = window,
                width = 500,
                height = 500,
                bg = "white")
app.pack()
Screen()
turtle = turtle.RawTurtle(app)
turtle = turtle.Screen()

def k1():
    move.forward(1)

def k2():
    move.left(1)

def k3():
    move.right(1)

def k4():
    move.back(1)

turtle.onkey(k1, "Up")
turtle.onkey(k2, "Left")
turtle.onkey(k3, "Right")
turtle.onkey(k4, "Down")

turtle.listen()
window.mainloop()

Answer 1

你必须使用

turtle.Screen()

而不是

Screen()

---

但我发现代码存在其他问题。我会使用tkinter方法bind()在按键时执行功能。

import tkinter as tk
import turtle

# --- functions ---

def k1(event):
    t.forward(1)

def k2(event):
    t.left(1)

def k3(event):
    t.right(1)

def k4(event):
    t.back(1)

# --- main ---

window = tk.Tk()

window.geometry("750x500")
window.resizable(False, False)

canvas = tk.Canvas(master=window, width=500, height=500, bg="white")
canvas.pack()

t = turtle.RawTurtle(canvas)

window.bind("<Up>", k1)
window.bind("<Left>", k2)
window.bind("<Right>", k3)
window.bind("<Down>", k4)

window.mainloop()

Answer 2

正如您使用RawTurtle 而不是Turtle，当您在tkinter 窗口中使用turtle embedded 时，您需要使用TurtleScreen 而不是Screen，如果您想要它提供的方法：

import tkinter as tk
from turtle import TurtleScreen, RawTurtle

window = tk.Tk()
window.geometry("750x500")
window.resizable(0, 0)

canvas = tk.Canvas(master=window, width=500, height=500)
canvas.pack()

screen = TurtleScreen(canvas)
turtle = RawTurtle(screen)

def k1():
    turtle.forward(1)

def k2():
    turtle.left(1)

def k3():
    turtle.right(1)

def k4():
    turtle.back(1)

screen.onkey(k1, "Up")
screen.onkey(k2, "Left")
screen.onkey(k3, "Right")
screen.onkey(k4, "Down")

screen.listen()
screen.mainloop()

在这种情况下不要使用独立海龟的Screen，因为它可能会创建第二个 tkinter 根窗口，从而导致稍后出现细微的错误（例如无法加载图像。）