无法使用 systemd django 启动 gunicorn

Question

我是systemd 的新手。刚刚安装lubuntu16.04。
我有以下systemd 文件：

[Unit]
Description=gunicorn daemon
After=network.target

[Service]
User=jcg
Group=jcg
WorkingDirectory=/home/jcg/venvs/baseball/baseball_stats
ExecStart=/home/jcg/.virtualenvs/baseball/bin/gunicorn -w 3 -b 0.0.0.0:8001 baseball_stats.wsgi

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

我收到此错误：

jcg@jcg-Inspiron-1011:/var/log$ systemctl status gunicorn
● gunicorn.service - gunicorn daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/gunicorn.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2016-05-16 13:59:18 EDT; 9min ago
  Process: 681 ExecStart=/home/jcg/.virtualenvs/baseball/bin/gunicorn -w 3 -b 0.0.0.0:8001 baseball_stats.wsgi 
 Main PID: 681 (code=exited, status=200/CHDIR)

May 16 13:59:18 jcg-Inspiron-1011 systemd[1]: Started gunicorn daemon.
May 16 13:59:18 jcg-Inspiron-1011 systemd[1]: gunicorn.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=200/CH
May 16 13:59:18 jcg-Inspiron-1011 systemd[1]: gunicorn.service: Unit entered failed state.
May 16 13:59:18 jcg-Inspiron-1011 systemd[1]: gunicorn.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

但是如果我运行这个gunicorn starts:

(baseball) jcg@jcg-Inspiron-1011:~/venvs/baseball/baseball_stats$ /home/jcg/.virtualenvs/baseball/bin/gunicorn -w 3 -b 0.0.0.0:8001 baseball_stats.wsgi

我错过了什么，或者做错了什么？

Answer 1

对于未来的读者，我的问题是由于没有设置我的 django 应用程序所需的环境变量。 （settings.py 读取环境）。从命令行调用 gunicorn 时，该环境变量之前已设置。

使用 systemd 时，gunicorn.service 文件中需要以下内容：

  [Service]
  Environment=SECRET_KEY=secret

Answer 2

执行以下操作
首先你必须在系统中创建一个服务文件

$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/python_django.service

在服务中编写如下代码

[Unit]
Description = Python django service
After = network.target

[Service]
ExecStart = /etc/python/python_script.sh

[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target

然后在/etc/python/中使用以下脚本创建一个文件python_script.sh

#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/gunicorn --access-logfile - -c /etc/python/config/python_django.py  python.wsgi:application

然后授予该文件的权限

$ chmod +x python_script.sh

在/etc/python/config 中创建一个文件python_django.py 然后输入以下代码

command = '/usr/bin/gunicorn'
pythonpath = '/home/user/{python_dir}'
bind = '0.0.0.0:8000'
workers = 5
user = 'user'

然后运行这段代码

$ sudo systemctl enable python_django //it creates a symlink
$ sudo systemctl start python_django 
$ sudo systemctl status python_django 

现在你可以看到正在运行的服务了。

只需检查http://{ip}:8000 || $ curl "http://0.0.0.0:8000"

注意：请确保您的 gunicorn 文件存在于 /usr/bin/gunicorn 检查为$ ls -l /usr/bin/gunicorn