【发布时间】:2013-03-05 19:18:06
【问题描述】:
我注意到如果我将查询限制为 1 而不是 5,速度会大大降低。
SELECT he. *
FROM homematic_events he
WHERE he.homematic_devices_id =30
ORDER BY id DESC
LIMIT 1
而不是
SELECT he. *
FROM homematic_events he
WHERE he.homematic_devices_id =30
ORDER BY id DESC
LIMIT 5
我的表包含大约 12,000,000 行,结构如下:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `homematic_events` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`homematic_devices_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`address` char(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`interface_id` char(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`key` char(32) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
`value` float(12,2) NOT NULL,
`timestamp` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `timestamp` (`timestamp`),
KEY `address` (`address`),
KEY `key` (`key`),
KEY `homematic_devices_id` (`homematic_devices_id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci AUTO_INCREMENT=12637557 ;
这些是对 LIMIT 5 速度测量的解释:
mysql> EXPLAIN SELECT he. * FROM homematic_events he WHERE he.homematic_devices_id =30 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 5;
+----+-------------+-------+------+----------------------+----------------------+---------+-------+------+-----------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+-------+------+----------------------+----------------------+---------+-------+------+-----------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | he | ref | homematic_devices_id | homematic_devices_id | 5 | const | 4171 | Using where; Using filesort |
+----+-------------+-------+------+----------------------+----------------------+---------+-------+------+-----------------------------+
starting 0.000010
checking query cache for query 0.000030
Opening tables 0.000007
System lock 0.000004
Table lock 0.000015
init 0.000019
optimizing 0.000007
statistics 0.000098
preparing 0.000012
executing 0.000002
Sorting result 0.022965
Sending data 0.000047
end 0.000004
query end 0.000002
freeing items 0.000302
storing result in query cache 0.000009
logging slow query 0.000002
cleaning up 0.000003
这些是对 LIMIT 1 的速度测量的解释:
mysql> EXPLAIN SELECT he. * FROM homematic_events he WHERE he.homematic_devices_id =30 ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1;
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | he | index | homematic_devices_id | PRIMARY | 4 | NULL | 3029 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
starting 0.000010
checking query cache for query 0.000034
Opening tables 0.000009
System lock 0.000004
Table lock 0.000015
init 0.000020
optimizing 0.000008
statistics 0.000069
preparing 0.000016
executing 0.000002
Sorting result 0.000005
Sending data 502.290180
end 0.000010
query end 0.000003
freeing items 0.000293
logging slow query 0.000004
logging slow query 0.000002
cleaning up 0.000003
谁能向我解释一下这种行为?我提到这是由于 udes 与 LIMIT 1 的不同索引的结果。但是为什么 mysql 对不同的 LIMIT 值使用不同的键?
【问题讨论】:
-
明确地说,您是说使用 LIMIT 1 的查询比使用 LIMIT 5 的查询花费 更长 对吧?
-
没错 - 在这种情况下大约长 20,000 倍 ;-)
标签: mysql performance indexing limit