如何创建 dBase (IV?) 文件？

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 dBase 文件，因为我的 Export vba 代码中的 .TransferDatabase() 方法似乎需要该文件存在（不断收到“字段不适合记录”。假设由于文件不存在)。

我在网上遇到了一种使用 vba 的方法：

http://edndoc.esri.com/arcobjects/8.3/samples/geodatabase/creating%20data/createnewdbf.htm

Public Function createDBF(strName As String, _
                      strFolder As String, _
             Optional pFields As IFields) As ITable
' createDBF: simple function to create a DBASE file.
' note: the name of the DBASE file should not contain the .dbf extension
'
On Error GoTo EH

' Open the Workspace
Dim pFWS As IFeatureWorkspace
Dim pWorkspaceFactory As IWorkspaceFactory
Dim fs as object
Dim pFieldsEdit As esriCore.IFieldsEdit
Dim pFieldEdit As esriCore.IFieldEdit
Dim pField As IField

Set pWorkspaceFactory = New ShapefileWorkspaceFactory
Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If Not fs.FolderExists(strFolder) Then
MsgBox "Folder does not exist: " & vbCr & strFolder
Exit Function
End If

Set pFWS = pWorkspaceFactory.OpenFromFile(strFolder, 0)

  ' if a fields collection is not passed in then create one
If pFields Is Nothing Then
' create the fields used by our object
Set pFields = New esriCore.Fields
Set pFieldsEdit = pFields
pFieldsEdit.FieldCount = 1

'Create text Field
Set pField = New Field
Set pFieldEdit = pField
With pFieldEdit
    .Length = 30
    .Name = "TextField"
    .Type = esriFieldTypeString
End With
Set pFieldsEdit.Field(0) = pField
End If

Set createDBF = pFWS.CreateTable(strName, pFields, Nothing, Nothing, "")

Exit Function
EH:
    MsgBox Err.Description, vbInformation, "createDBF"

End Function

但是当试图运行它只是为了测试以下行时收到“编译错误：未定义用户定义的类型”：

Public Function createDBF(strName As String, _
                      strFolder As String, _
             Optional pFields As IFields) As ITable

另一个线程（从 2003 年开始...）建议使用查询将我的访问表导出到 dBase 文件：

http://www.pcreview.co.uk/forums/creating-dbf-file-using-access-vba-code-t1077674.html

但我的语法似乎已关闭，收到“查询中的语法错误。查询子句不完整：

SELECT ImportedData.*
INTO "...filePath\Personal Project Notes\" "dBase IV;"
FROM ImportedData;

如果有人有任何想法来解决这些问题，甚至是不同的解决方案，我都会倾听。再次尝试创建 dBase 文件，因为我的以下导出代码将 .TransferDatabase() 方法标记为“字段不适合记录”：

导出代码：

Sub Export()
Dim dbConnection As ADODB.Connection
Dim dbFileName As String
Dim dbRecordset As ADODB.Recordset
Dim xRow As Long, xColumn As Long
Dim LastRow As Long

'Go to the worksheet containing the records you want to transfer.
Worksheets("FeedSamples").Activate
'Determine the last row of data based on column A.
LastRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).row
'Create the connection to the database.
Set dbConnection = New ADODB.Connection
'Define the database file name
dbFileName = "...filePath\Personal Project Notes\FeedSampleResults.accdb"
'Define the Provider and open the connection.
With dbConnection
    .Provider = "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" & dbFileName & _
    ";Persist Security Info=False;"
    .Open dbFileName
End With
'Create the recordset
Set dbRecordset = New ADODB.Recordset
dbRecordset.CursorLocation = adUseServer
dbRecordset.Open Source:="ImportedData", _
ActiveConnection:=dbConnection, _
CursorType:=adOpenDynamic, _
LockType:=adLockOptimistic, _
Options:=adCmdTable
'Loop thru rows & columns to load records from Excel to Access.
'Assume row 1 is the header row, so start at row 2.
'ACCESS COLUMNS MUST BE NAMED EXACTLY THE SAME AS EXCEL COLUMNS
For xRow = 2 To LastRow
    dbRecordset.AddNew
    'Assume this is an 8-column (field) table starting with column A.
    For xColumn = 1 To 69
        dbRecordset(Cells(1, xColumn).value) = Cells(xRow, xColumn).value
    Next xColumn
    dbRecordset.Update
Next xRow

'Close the connections.
dbRecordset.Close
dbConnection.Close
'Release Object variable memory.
Set dbRecordset = Nothing
Set dbConnection = Nothing
'Optional:
'Clear the range of data (the records) you just transferred.
'Range("A2:H" & LastRow).ClearContents
MsgBox "Test"

Dim acx As access.Application
Set acx = New access.Application
acx.OpenCurrentDatabase ("...filePath\Personal Project Notes\FeedSampleResults.accdb")
acx.DoCmd.TransferDatabase acExport, "dBase IV", "...filePath\Personal Project Notes\", acTable, "ImportedData", "TEST.DBF"
acx.CloseCurrentDatabase


End Sub

文件路径正确，但当前 TEST.DBF 不存在。我最初假设该方法为我创建了文件...

编辑：

经过一些测试，我将 Access 表缩小到 15 个 TEXT 字段，长度为 255 个字符。运行 Access gui-Export 时，我成功地创建了一个包含 15 个字段的 dBase IV 文件。因为我有我的 .DBF 文件，所以我将它放在我的 .TransferDatabase() 文件路径中，并且我在 Excel 中的 vba 代码从 Excel 成功执行到 Access 到 dBase 文件！

我现在只需要弄清楚导出 69 条记录而不是 15 条记录时的问题......

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

以下过程在 Access 2010 中适用于我。

我保留了一个名为 C:\__tmp\ 的工作目录，用于处理各种事情。我创建了一个名为 dbfTest 的新子文件夹，该文件夹一开始是空的：

C:\__tmp\dbfTest>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 2A3E-1929

 Directory of C:\__tmp\dbfTest

2013-06-07  10:49    <DIR>          .
2013-06-07  10:49    <DIR>          ..
               0 File(s)              0 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  305,532,461,056 bytes free

然后我在 Access 中运行以下 VBA 代码，将我的“Clients”表导出到“CLIENTS.DBF”

Sub dbfExportTest()
DoCmd.TransferDatabase acExport, "dBase IV", "C:\__tmp\dbfTest\", acTable, "Clients", "CLIENTS"
End Sub

完成后，我的 dbfTest 文件夹包含以下内容：

C:\__tmp\dbfTest>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 2A3E-1929

 Directory of C:\__tmp\dbfTest

2013-06-07  10:55    <DIR>          .
2013-06-07  10:55    <DIR>          ..
2013-06-07  10:55             5,942 CLIENTS.DBF
2013-06-07  10:55               863 CLIENTS.DBT
2013-06-07  10:55                59 CLIENTS.INF
2013-06-07  10:55             6,144 CLIENTS.MDX
               3 File(s)         12,145 bytes
               2 Dir(s)  305,532,440,576 bytes free

我在 Access 中的 [Clients] 表具有以下结构：

FieldName  Type
---------  ----------
ID         AutoNumber
LastName   Text(255)
FirstName  Text(255)
Email      Text(255)
Selection  Yes/No
intCol     Number(Long Integer)
dtmCol     Date/Time
Comments   Memo

编辑回复：评论

dBASE_III 和 dBASE_IV 文件的最大记录长度显然为 4,000 字节（参考：here）。这表明 dBASE_IV 文件不能容纳超过 15 个 Text(254) 字段。可能的解决方法包括：

• 在 Access 中更改表结构以缩短 Text(255) 字段（如果它们未使用全部 255 个字符），或者

• 在导出之前将 Text() 字段转换为 Memo，因为 dBASE 与 Access 一样，只在主表中存储到 Memo 字段的链接（dBASE 为 10 个字节）。

  李>