为所有版本的win获取c ++ win32中的操作系统？

Question

如何获取所有windows的操作系统版本，至少win95,98,me,xp,vista,7的名称？

我正在使用 Visual c++ 2010，我想将此功能包含在纯 win32 应用程序中。

Answer 1

这样的事情怎么样：

#include <windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <lm.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "netapi32.lib")

bool GetWinMajorMinorVersion(DWORD& major, DWORD& minor)
{
    bool bRetCode = false;
    LPBYTE pinfoRawData = 0;
    if (NERR_Success == NetWkstaGetInfo(NULL, 100, &pinfoRawData))
    {
        WKSTA_INFO_100* pworkstationInfo = (WKSTA_INFO_100*)pinfoRawData;
        major = pworkstationInfo->wki100_ver_major;
        minor = pworkstationInfo->wki100_ver_minor;
        ::NetApiBufferFree(pinfoRawData);
        bRetCode = true;
    }
    return bRetCode;
}


std::string GetWindowsVersionString()
{
    std::string     winver;
    OSVERSIONINFOEX osver;
    SYSTEM_INFO     sysInfo;
    typedef void(__stdcall *GETSYSTEMINFO) (LPSYSTEM_INFO);

    __pragma(warning(push))
    __pragma(warning(disable:4996))
    memset(&osver, 0, sizeof(osver));
    osver.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(osver);
    GetVersionEx((LPOSVERSIONINFO)&osver);
    __pragma(warning(pop))
    DWORD major = 0;
    DWORD minor = 0;
    if (GetWinMajorMinorVersion(major, minor))
    {
        osver.dwMajorVersion = major;
        osver.dwMinorVersion = minor;
    }
    else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2)
    {
        OSVERSIONINFOEXW osvi;
        ULONGLONG cm = 0;
        cm = VerSetConditionMask(cm, VER_MINORVERSION, VER_EQUAL);
        ZeroMemory(&osvi, sizeof(osvi));
        osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(osvi);
        osvi.dwMinorVersion = 3;
        if (VerifyVersionInfoW(&osvi, VER_MINORVERSION, cm))
        {
            osver.dwMinorVersion = 3;
        }
    }

    GETSYSTEMINFO getSysInfo = (GETSYSTEMINFO)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(L"kernel32.dll"), "GetNativeSystemInfo");
    if (getSysInfo == NULL)  getSysInfo = ::GetSystemInfo;
    getSysInfo(&sysInfo);

    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 10 && osver.dwMinorVersion >= 0 && osver.wProductType != VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows 10 Server";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 10 && osver.dwMinorVersion >= 0 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows 10";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 3 && osver.wProductType != VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows Server 2012 R2";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 3 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows 8.1";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2 && osver.wProductType != VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows Server 2012";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows 8";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 1 && osver.wProductType != VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows Server 2008 R2";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 1 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows 7";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 0 && osver.wProductType != VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows Server 2008";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 0 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)  winver = "Windows Vista";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2 && osver.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION
        &&  sysInfo.wProcessorArchitecture == PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64)  winver = "Windows XP x64";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2)   winver = "Windows Server 2003";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 1)   winver = "Windows XP";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 0)   winver = "Windows 2000";
    if (osver.dwMajorVersion < 5)   winver = "unknown";

    if (osver.wServicePackMajor != 0)
    {
        std::string sp;
        char buf[128] = { 0 };
        sp = " Service Pack ";
        sprintf_s(buf, sizeof(buf), "%hd", osver.wServicePackMajor);
        sp.append(buf);
        winver += sp;
    }

    return winver;
}

Answer 2

使用GetVersionEx http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724451%28v=VS.85%29.aspx

Answer 3

看看MSDN文章Getting the System Version

虽然本文仅提及当前支持的 Windows 版本，但请参阅 knowledge base article 了解您将在 Win 95、98 等的 OSVERSIONINFO 结构中看到的数字。

Answer 4

这完全取决于您为什么需要知道操作系统版本：

• 使用旧操作系统中可能不可用的某些功能。在这种情况下，我强烈建议使用LoadLibrary 和GetProcAddress 函数检查API 本身是否可用。否则，我想您可以从ntdll.dll 动态导入RtlGetVersion 并使用它，但同样，它可以返回不准确信息的方式太多（想到的是兼容模式和API trampolines 可以由恶意软件、AVP 甚至操作系统本身安装。）

• 仅用于显示目的。（例如：在您的应用程序的 About 窗口中，或将其包含在您的诊断事件日志中等）在这种情况下，一个快速简单的hack 是将其作为文本从系统注册表中读取：

不过，这种方法的缺点是名称和数字可以针对最终用户的系统进行本地化。

使用自 Windows XP 以来可用的以下密钥：

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion

及其以下REG_SZ（或字符串）值：

• ProductName = 操作系统名称
• CurrentVersion = 适用于操作系统版本
• BuildLab = 完整版本号
• BuildLabEx = 扩展版本号（自 Windows 7 起可用）
• ReleaseId = 版本号（自 Windows 10 起可用）

Answer 5

我遇到了类似的问题。这是一些支持 Win 11 的代码。它不适用于服务器版本，但添加此功能很容易实现（只是服务器的另一个映射）。

 // To Workaround Win 10 problem for User Mode VerifyVersionInfo
bool VerifyWindowsVersionInfo(PRTL_OSVERSIONINFOEXW versionInfo, ULONG typeMask, ULONGLONG conditionMask)
{
    HMODULE hMod = nullptr;
    if ((TRUE != ::GetModuleHandleEx(GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_UNCHANGED_REFCOUNT, L"ntdll.dll", &hMod)) || !hMod)
        return false;

    typedef NTSTATUS(WINAPI* _RtlVerifyVersionInfo)(PRTL_OSVERSIONINFOEXW, ULONG, ULONGLONG);
    const auto RtlVerifyVersionInfo =
        reinterpret_cast<_RtlVerifyVersionInfo>(::GetProcAddress(hMod, "RtlVerifyVersionInfo"));

    if (!RtlVerifyVersionInfo)
        return false;

    return NT_SUCCESS(RtlVerifyVersionInfo(versionInfo, typeMask, conditionMask));
}

bool IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(int wMajorVersion, int wMinorVersion, int wBuildNumber, int wServicePackMajor)
{
    RTL_OSVERSIONINFOEXW osvi = { sizeof(osvi), 0, 0, 0, 0, {0}, 0, 0 };
    osvi.dwMajorVersion = wMajorVersion;
    osvi.dwMinorVersion = wMinorVersion;
    osvi.dwBuildNumber = wBuildNumber;
    osvi.wServicePackMajor = static_cast<WORD>(wServicePackMajor);

    DWORDLONG dwlConditionMask = 0;
    VER_SET_CONDITION(dwlConditionMask, VER_MAJORVERSION, VER_GREATER_EQUAL);
    VER_SET_CONDITION(dwlConditionMask, VER_MINORVERSION, VER_GREATER_EQUAL);
    VER_SET_CONDITION(dwlConditionMask, VER_BUILDNUMBER, VER_GREATER_EQUAL);
    VER_SET_CONDITION(dwlConditionMask, VER_SERVICEPACKMAJOR, VER_GREATER_EQUAL);

    return VerifyWindowsVersionInfo(&osvi,
        VER_MAJORVERSION | VER_MINORVERSION | VER_BUILDNUMBER | VER_SERVICEPACKMAJOR,
        dwlConditionMask);

}

std::wstring GetVerbalOsVersion()
{
    // see https://msdn.microsoft.com/ru-ru/library/windows/desktop/ms724832(v=vs.85).aspx for details
    using OsMajorVersion = int;
    using OsMinorVersion = int;
    using OsBuildVersion = int;
    using OsServicePackMajorVersion = int;

    using VersionStrWithNumberPair =
        std::pair<std::wstring, std::tuple<OsMajorVersion, OsMinorVersion, OsBuildVersion, OsServicePackMajorVersion>>;


    const auto win11BuildNumber = 22000;

    const std::vector<VersionStrWithNumberPair> winVersionMapping = {
        {L"Windows 11 ",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN10), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN10), win11BuildNumber, 0)},
        {L"Windows 10 ", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN10), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN10), 0, 0)},

        {L"Windows 8.1", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE), 0, 0)},
        {L"Windows 8 ", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN8), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN8), 0, 0)},

        {L"Windows 7  Service Pack 1", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN7), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN7), 0, 1)},
        {L"Windows 7 ", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN7), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WIN7), 0, 0)},

        {L"Windows Vista Service Pack 2",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), 0, 2)},
        {L"Windows Vista Service Pack 1",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), 0, 1)},
        {L"Windows Vista", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_VISTA), 0, 0)},

        {L"Windows XP  Service Pack 3",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), 0, 3)},
        {L"Windows XP Service Pack 2",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), 0, 2)},
        {L"Windows XP Service Pack 1",
         std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), 0, 1)},
        {L"Windows XP ", std::make_tuple(HIBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), LOBYTE(_WIN32_WINNT_WINXP), 0, 0)} };

    const auto it = std::find_if(std::begin(winVersionMapping),
        std::end(winVersionMapping),
        [](const VersionStrWithNumberPair& el)
        {
            return IsWindowsVersionOrGreater(std::get<0>(el.second),
                std::get<1>(el.second),
                std::get<2>(el.second),
                std::get<3>(el.second));
        });

    if (it == std::end(winVersionMapping))
        return L"Unknown windows version";

    return it->first;
}