为什么排除子句不能按预期工作.. powershell？

Question

我有一个 powershell 脚本，旨在检查一些备份文件，存档月末备份（如果是一个月的第一天），然后删除超过 9 天的任何内容。我试图告诉它排除存档文件夹，但它似乎忽略了这一点，我不确定为什么.. 有点像 powershell 的菜鸟。

我尝试过使用 -notlike $Exlcude+% 我尝试过 -notmatch -NE .. 我什至尝试过 notcontains 即使我知道这不起作用.. 我尝试将 $exclude 应用于代码的每个部分可以访问该文件夹的位置，并且它仍在制作它的副本。

#If first of the month copy latest backups to Monthly Backup Folder - will copy full folder path
PARAM($BackupPath="\\SomeServer\sqltestbackups\",
$Exclude= "\\SomeServer\sqltestbackups\Archive")



   #Grab a recursive list of all subfolders
$SubFolders = dir $BackupPath -Recurse | Where-Object {$_.PSIsContainer} | ForEach-Object -Process {$_.FullName}

#Iterate through the list of subfolders and grab the first file in each


$Year = (get-date).Year
$Month = (get-date).Month
$StartOfMonth = Get-Date -Year $Year -Month $Month -Day 1
$Today = (Get-Date).day
$Date = (GET-DATE).AddDays(-9)
$PrevMonth = (GET-DATE).year.ToString()+(Get-Culture).DateTimeFormat.GetMonthName((Get-Date).AddMonths(-1).month)
$Destination=$Exclude + "\" + $Prevmonth +"\"

IF (!(Test-Path -path $destination)) {New-Item $destination -Type Directory}

IF($Today -eq '5')
{
$Path = $BackupPath #Root path to look for files
$DestinationPath = $Destination #Remote destination for file copy

#Grab a recursive list of all subfolders
$SubFolders = dir $Path -Recurse | Where-Object {$_.PSIsContainer -and $_.DirectoryName -notmatch $Exclude} | ForEach-Object -Process {$_.FullName}

#Iterate through the list of subfolders and grab the first file in each
ForEach ($Folder in $SubFolders)
    {
    $FullFileName = dir $Folder | Where-Object {!$_.PSIsContainer -and $_.DirectoryName -notmatch $Exclude} | Sort-Object {$_.LastWriteTime} -Descending | Select-Object -First 1

    #For every file grab it's location and output the robocopy command ready for use
    ForEach ($File in $FullFileName)
        {
        $FilePath = $File.DirectoryName
        $ArchFolder = $File.DirectoryName
        $ArchFolder=$ArchFolder.Replace($BackupPath,"")+"\"
        $FinalPath=$destinationPath+$ArchFolder
        $FileName = $File.Name
        robocopy $FilePath $FinalPath $FileName /A-:SH /R:6 /W:30 /Z 
        }
    }
}


# Delete files older than 9 days that are not contained within the month end folder
Get-ChildItem $BackupPath -Recurse |
  Where-Object { !($_.PSIsContainer) -and
                   $_.LastWriteTime -lt $Date -and
                   $_.Directory -notlike $Exclude+"%" } |
    Remove-Item

除了复制月末部分之外，该代码都可以工作。在这部分中，它包括存档文件夹，我最终复制了上个月。该脚本旨在将文件放入存档/YM/FullPath备份所以正在发生的事情是它正在存档/YM/ARchive/YM/FullPath，即使我正在努力从文件夹中排除这个路径。

robocopy 出现问题的示例

来源： \SomeServer\sqltestbackups\ARCHIVE\2019March\SomeOtherServer\SQLBackups\SomeDatabase\master\

目标： \SomeServer\sqltestbackups\Archive\2019March\ARCHIVE\2019March\SomeOtherServer\SQLBackups\SomeDatabase\master\

Answer 1

类型DirectoryInfo没有属性DirectoryName。请改用BaseName 属性。

# dir, gci are aliases for Get-ChildItem
Get-ChildItem $Path -Recurse `
    | Where-Object { $_.PSIsContainer -and $_.BaseName -notmatch $Exclude }

有效。

查看返回了哪些类型以及有哪些成员类型

Get-ChildItem .\ | Where-Object { $_.PSIsContainer } | ForEach-Object { $_.GetType() }
# and
Get-ChildItem .\ | Where-Object { $_.PSIsContainer } | Get-Member

但要小心：您会在包含许多文件和子目录的目录中获得大量输出。

还可以查看 stackoverflow 上的答案 How can I exclude multiple folders using Get-ChildItem -exclude?。从 v1.0 到 v5.0，这个答案附带了许多适用于 PowerShell 的优雅解决方案。

Answer 2

问题是

$Exclude= "\\SomeServer\sqltestbackups\Archive" I needed to double up the \s to be

$Exclude= "\\\\SomeServer\\sqltestbackups\\Archive"

执行此操作后，脚本运行良好。