在特定驱动器 c# 中搜索扩展名为 .dcm 的文件

Question

我正在尝试通过输入文件名或文件内容来搜索扩展名为 .dcm 的文件。我可以在目录中搜索，但是当我尝试在驱动器中搜索时，我收到一个错误，提示缺少目录或汇编引用。

string startFolder = @"C:\";
// Take a snapshot of the file system.
System.IO.DriveInfo dir = new System.IO.DriveInfo(startFolder);

// This method assumes that the application has discovery permissions
// for all folders under the specified path.
IEnumerable<System.IO.FileInfo> fileList = dir.GetFiles("*.*", System.IO.
                                                               SearchOption.
                                                               AllDirectories);

Answer 1

尝试在驱动器中搜索它的工作原理：

    string startFolder = @"c:\";
    DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(startFolder);
    IEnumerable<System.IO.FileInfo> fileList = directoryInfo.GetFiles("*.*", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);

Answer 2

使用这个递归函数来避免异常：

public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, string pattern)
{
    IEnumerable<string> result;
    try
    {
        result = Directory.GetFiles(path, pattern);
    }
    catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
    {
        result = new string[0];
    }

    IEnumerable<string> subDirectories;
    try
    {
        subDirectories = Directory.EnumerateDirectories(path);
    }
    catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
    {
        subDirectories = new string[0];
    }

    foreach (string subDirectory in subDirectories)
    {
        IEnumerable<string> subFiles = GetFiles(subDirectory, pattern);
        result = result.Concat(subFiles); //This is LINQ concatenation
    }
    return result;
}

static void Main(string[] args)
{ 
    string startFolder = @"c:\";
    foreach (string fileName in GetFiles(startFolder, "*.chm"))
    {
        Console.WriteLine(fileName);
    }

Answer 3

您可以立即过滤掉所有带有 *.dcm 扩展名的文件

string startFolder = @"c:\";
DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(startFolder);
IEnumerable<System.IO.FileInfo> fileList = directoryInfo.GetFiles("*.dcm", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);

然后使用 foreach 循环查找具有所需名称的文件或打开文件进行读取并搜索文件内的值。

*.dcm 是基于文本的文件还是二进制文件？如果它们是基于文本的文件，您可以使用正则表达式来确定搜索字符串是否存在。

编辑：这是完成这项工作的示例递归函数。它是一个控制台应用程序，因此请根据您的需要进行调整：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace FileSearcher
{
    class Program
    {
        static string searchValue = "Windows";
        static List<FileInfo> files = new List<FileInfo>();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string startFolder = @"C:\";
            DirectoryInfo diParent = new DirectoryInfo(startFolder);

            FindSearchValue(diParent);

            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}", file.FullName);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Recursive function that searches for a file that matches the criteria.
        /// If the file is not found, the current file is opened and it's contents is 
        /// scanned for search value.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="diParent">Current parent folder being searched.</param>
        private static void FindSearchValue(DirectoryInfo diParent)
        {
            FileInfo[] foundFiles = diParent.GetFiles("*.doc");

            foreach (var file in foundFiles)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(file.FullName);

                if (file.FullName.Contains(searchValue)) // There is a search string in a file name
                {
                    files.Add(file);
                }
                else
                {
                    string fileContents = File.ReadAllText(file.FullName);

                    if (fileContents.Contains(searchValue)) // Here you can use Regex.IsMatch(fileContents, searchValue)
                    {
                        files.Add(file);
                    }
                }
            }

            foreach (var diChild in diParent.GetDirectories())
            {
                try
                {
                    FindSearchValue(diChild);
                }
                catch (Exception exc)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("ERROR: {0}", exc.Message);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

此函数使用 try-catch 块来拦截可能发生的异常。例如，找不到文件或拒绝访问。希望这会有所帮助！