无法让 django 声明的应用程序路由作为页面工作

Question

我正在创建一个 Django 应用程序，但遇到了无法识别路线的问题。这是我尝试创建的同一个 DJango 投票应用程序，但文档代码不起作用。下面是我的代码：

djangoproject/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^simpleapp/', include('simpleapp.urls')),
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

simpleapp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse, request


def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")

def detail(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)

def results(request, question_id):
    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."
    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)

def vote(request, question_id):
    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)

simpleapp/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    # ex: /simpleapp/
    # url('', views.index, name='index'),
    # ex: /simpleapp/5/
    url('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
    # ex: /simpleapp/5/results/
    url('<int:question_id>/results/', views.results, name='results'),
    # ex: /simpleapp/5/vote/
    url('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
]

如果我取消注释simpleapp/urls.py代码的''路径的第一个url，所有显示的页面都是''路径。但是，如果我保留 url '' 路径注释，那么路由会给我以下错误：

Page not found (404)
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/simpleapp/34/
Using the URLconf defined in simple_django.urls, Django tried these URL patterns, in this order:

^simpleapp/ <int:question_id>/ [name='detail']
^simpleapp/ <int:question_id>/results/ [name='results']
^simpleapp/ <int:question_id>/vote/ [name='vote']
^admin/
The current path, simpleapp/34/, didn't match any of these.

You're seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.

我无法使用django.conf.urls 或django.urls 导入path()。 url() 成功。我正在使用 python 3.6.7 版和 Django 2.1.5 版。我错过了什么？

Answer 1

您可以定义 Django 1.x

之类的路由

url(r'^simpleapp/', include('simpleapp.urls')),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

这是 Django 1.x 类型的路由定义

在 Django 2 中，您必须像这样定义路由：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

在 Django 中 2 个路由定义没有正则表达式

请参阅文档以了解 Django 2

中的路由定义

Answer 2

您在 simpleapp/urls.py 中使用的是路径语法，而不是正则表达式。将其更改为：

urlpatterns = [
  path('<int:question_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
  path('<int:question_id>/results/', views.results, name='results'),
  path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
]

您的项目 URL 正在使用正则表达式，因此您不应更改它们，尽管您可能希望使它们保持一致。