C libcurl 将输出转换为字符串

Question

我想将这个 curl 函数的结果存储在一个变量中，我该怎么做？

#include <stdio.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl;
  CURLcode res;

  curl = curl_easy_init();
  if(curl) {
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "curl.haxx.se");
    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);

    /* always cleanup */
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  }
  return 0;
}

谢谢，我是这样解决的：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>

function_pt(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *stream){
    printf("%d", atoi(ptr));
}

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl;
  curl = curl_easy_init();
  if(curl) {
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "curl.haxx.se");
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, function_pt);
    curl_easy_perform(curl);
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  }
  system("pause");
  return 0;
}

Answer 1

通过阅读此处的手册：http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html 我认为您需要多次调用 CURL_SETOPT，第一个是您要处理的 URL，第二个类似于：

curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, function_ptr);

其中 function_ptr 匹配此签名：

size_t function( void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *stream)

这里发生的是你表示一个回调函数，当它有一些输出要从你调用的任何传输中写入时，libcurl 将调用它。您可以让它自动写入文件，或将指针传递给将处理输出本身的函数。使用此功能，您应该能够将各种输出字符串组合成一个片段，然后在您的程序中使用它们。

我不确定您可能需要设置哪些其他选项/还有哪些会影响您希望应用的行为方式，因此请仔细查看该页面。

Answer 2

您可以使用curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, myfunc);设置回调函数来接收传入的数据块

回调将采用用户定义的参数，您可以使用 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, p) 设置该参数

这是一段代码，它将缓冲区 struct string {*ptr; len} 传递给回调函数，并在每次调用时使用 realloc() 增大该缓冲区。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>

struct string {
  char *ptr;
  size_t len;
};

void init_string(struct string *s) {
  s->len = 0;
  s->ptr = malloc(s->len+1);
  if (s->ptr == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "malloc() failed\n");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
  s->ptr[0] = '\0';
}

size_t writefunc(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, struct string *s)
{
  size_t new_len = s->len + size*nmemb;
  s->ptr = realloc(s->ptr, new_len+1);
  if (s->ptr == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "realloc() failed\n");
    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
  memcpy(s->ptr+s->len, ptr, size*nmemb);
  s->ptr[new_len] = '\0';
  s->len = new_len;

  return size*nmemb;
}

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl;
  CURLcode res;

  curl = curl_easy_init();
  if(curl) {
    struct string s;
    init_string(&s);

    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "curl.haxx.se");
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, writefunc);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &s);
    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);

    printf("%s\n", s.ptr);
    free(s.ptr);

    /* always cleanup */
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  }
  return 0;
}

Answer 3

以下答案是 C++ 方法，使用std::string，而不是以空字符结尾的字符串。它仍然使用回调函数（没有办法绕过它），但也使用 try/catch 处理分配错误。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <curl/curl.h>

size_t CurlWrite_CallbackFunc_StdString(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, std::string *s)
{
    size_t newLength = size*nmemb;
    try
    {
        s->append((char*)contents, newLength);
    }
    catch(std::bad_alloc &e)
    {
        //handle memory problem
        return 0;
    }
    return newLength;
}
int main()
{
    CURL *curl;
    CURLcode res;

    curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);

    curl = curl_easy_init();
    std::string s;
    if(curl)
    {

        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "curl.haxx.se");

        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L); //only for https
        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L); //only for https
        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, CurlWrite_CallbackFunc_StdString);
        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &s);
        curl_easy_setopt (curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L); //remove this to disable verbose output


        /* Perform the request, res will get the return code */
        res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
        /* Check for errors */
        if(res != CURLE_OK)
        {
            fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n",
                    curl_easy_strerror(res));
        }

        /* always cleanup */
        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    }

    std::cout<<s<<std::endl;

    std::cout<< "Program finished!" << std::endl;
}

Answer 4

这是来自alex-jasmin 的已接受答案的 C++ 风格

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <curl/curl.h>

size_t writefunc(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, std::string *s) 
{
  s->append(static_cast<char *>(ptr), size*nmemb);
  return size*nmemb;
}

int main(void)
{
  CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
  if (curl)
  {
    std::string s;

    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "curl.haxx.se");
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, writefunc);
    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &s);

    CURLcode res = curl_easy_perform(curl);

    std::cout << s << std::endl;

    /* always cleanup */
    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
  }
  return 0;
}