从平面词典创建嵌套词典

Question

我有以下字典，其中keys 是父类，values 是从它们继承的子类列表。

{
    "Animal": 
        ["Dog"]
    ,  
    "Dog": 
        ["Labrador"]
    , 
    "Vehicle": 
        ["PetrolCar", 
        "DieselCar"]
    ,
    "DieselCar": 
        ["Hyundai"]
    , 
    "PetrolCar": 
        ["Hyundai", 
        "Ford"]
}

如您所见，一些父类也是另一个父类的子类（深度继承），即Animal -> Dog -> Labrador

我怎样才能格式化它，以便输出代表继承的级别，如下所示：

{
    "Animal": {
        "Dog": { 
            "Labrador": []
        }
    }, 
    "Vehicle": {
        "PetrolCar": {
            "Hyundai": [], 
            "Ford": []
        },
        "DieselCar": { 
            "Hyundai": []
        }
    }
}

---

我还希望能够通过添加更多父母或孩子来扩展提供的数据集。例如：将ElectricCar 添加为Vehicle 的子代，将Tesla 添加为ElectricCar 的子代。并将Cat 添加为Animal 的子代，没有它自己的子代。

输入：

{
    "Animal": 
        ["Dog",
        "Cat"]
    ,  
    "Dog": 
        ["Labrador"]
    , 
    "Vehicle": 
        ["PetrolCar", 
        "DieselCar",
        "ElectricCar"]
    ,
    "DieselCar": 
        ["Hyundai"]
    , 
    "PetrolCar": 
        ["Hyundai", 
        "Ford"]
    ,
    "ElectricCar": 
        ["Tesla"]
}

输出：

{
    "Animal": {
        "Dog": { 
            "Labrador": []
        },
        "Cat": []
    }, 
    "Vehicle": {
        "PetrolCar": {
            "Hyundai": [], 
            "Ford": []
        },
        "DieselCar": { 
            "Hyundai": []
        },
        "ElectricCar": { 
            "Tesla": []
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

您可以使用递归来生成嵌套字典，然后删除没有任何子项的键：

data = {'Animal': ['Dog', 'Cat'], 'Dog': ['Labrador'], 'Vehicle': ['PetrolCar', 'DieselCar', 'ElectricCar'], 'DieselCar': ['Hyundai'], 'PetrolCar': ['Hyundai', 'Ford'], 'ElectricCar': ['Tesla']}
def build(key):
  return {i:[] if i not in data else build(i) for i in data[key]}

results = {i:build(i) for i in data}

---

import json
print(json.dumps({a:b for a, b in results.items() if any(h for h in b.values())}, indent=4))

输出：

{
  "Animal": {
    "Dog": {
        "Labrador": []
    },
    "Cat": []
  },
  "Vehicle": {
    "PetrolCar": {
        "Hyundai": [],
        "Ford": []
     },
     "DieselCar": {
        "Hyundai": []
     },
     "ElectricCar": {
        "Tesla": []
     }
   }
}