尝试使用 pytest for selenium grid 运行 selenium 测试时出错

Question

我对 python 比较陌生。

我正在尝试使用 selenium 网格上的 pytest（在本例中基于 selenoid）将文件中的所有测试作为单个测试在不同的浏览器上运行。

我正在尝试两种方法，能够使用 url 启动 5 个不同的浏览器，但测试没有进一步进行，并且两种方法都出现错误。

方法一：

import logging 
import ast
import unittest
import sys
import pytest
import traceback
import allure
import softest
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO)

ch1_capabilities = {
    "browserName": "chrome",
    "version": "83.0",
    "enableVNC": True,
    "enableVideo": False
}

ch2_capabilities = {
    "browserName": "chrome",
    "version": "81.0",
    "enableVNC": True,
    "enableVideo": False
}

ch3_capabilities = {
    "browserName": "chrome",
    "version": "80.0",
    "enableVNC": True,
    "enableVideo": False
}

ch4_capabilities = {
    "browserName": "chrome",
    "version": "79.0",
    "enableVNC": True,
    "enableVideo": False
}

ch5_capabilities = {
    "browserName": "chrome",
    "version": "78.0",
    "enableVNC": True,
    "enableVideo": False
}

ch1_driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    desired_capabilities=ch1_capabilities)

ch2_driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    desired_capabilities=ch2_capabilities)

ch3_driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    desired_capabilities=ch3_capabilities)

ch4_driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    desired_capabilities=ch4_capabilities)

ch5_driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
    desired_capabilities=ch5_capabilities)

@pytest.mark.abc_test()
@pytest.mark.parametrize("driver_node", [ch1_driver,ch2_driver,ch3_driver,ch4_driver,ch5_driver])
class test_abc_Chrome(softest.TestCase):
    
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(self):
        self.driver=driver_node
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        self.driver.get('https://example.com')
        sleep(7)

    @allure.feature("Verify_XYZ")
    @allure.description("verify xyz")
    def test_000_Verify_XYZ(self):
        logging.info("verify xyz")
        with allure.step("verify xyz"):
            sleep(1)
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[text()='expectedText']")
            assert element.text == 'expectedText'

方法 1 的错误：

 @classmethod
    def setUpClass(self):
>       self.driver=driver_node
E    NameError: name 'driver_node' is not defined

方法二：

import logging 
import ast
import unittest
import sys
import pytest
import traceback
import allure
import softest
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO)

@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def setup(request):
    ch1_capabilities = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "83.0",
        "enableVNC": True,
        "enableVideo": False
    }

    ch2_capabilities = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "81.0",
        "enableVNC": True,
        "enableVideo": False
    }

    ch3_capabilities = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "80.0",
        "enableVNC": True,
        "enableVideo": False
    }

    ch4_capabilities = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "79.0",
        "enableVNC": True,
        "enableVideo": False
    }

    ch5_capabilities = {
        "browserName": "chrome",
        "version": "78.0",
        "enableVNC": True,
        "enableVideo": False
    }

    ch1_driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
        desired_capabilities=ch1_capabilities)

    ch2_driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
        desired_capabilities=ch2_capabilities)

    ch3_driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
        desired_capabilities=ch3_capabilities)

    ch4_driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
        desired_capabilities=ch4_capabilities)

    ch5_driver = webdriver.Remote(
        command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub",
        desired_capabilities=ch5_capabilities)

    driver_nodes = [ch1_driver,ch2_driver,ch3_driver,ch4_driver,ch5_driver]
    
    for driver_node in driver_nodes:
        driver = driver_node
        request.instance.driver = driver
        driver.maximize_window()
        driver.get("https://example.com")
        sleep(10)
        yield driver


@pytest.mark.usefixtures("setup")
class test_abc_Chrome(softest.TestCase):

    @allure.feature("Verify_XYZ")
    @allure.description("verify xyz")
    def test_000_Verify_XYZ(self):
        logging.info("verify xyz")
        with allure.step("verify xyz"):
            sleep(1)
            element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[text()='expectedText']")
            assert element.text == 'expectedText'

方法 2 的错误：

 for driver_node in driver_nodes:
                driver = driver_node
>               request.instance.driver = driver
E     AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'driver'

我也在尝试通过改变这两种方法中的一些东西，但还没有运气。

如果有人可以帮助我解决这个问题，那将是一个很大的帮助。

Answer 1

您尚未初始化 WebDriver 和 WebBrowser 实例。

---

解决方案

当您使用from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager 时，您需要在def setUpClass(self): 中添加以下行：

driver = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())

实际上，您的代码块将是：

@classmethod
def setUpClass(self):
    driver_node = webdriver.Chrome(ChromeDriverManager().install())
    self.driver=driver_node
    self.driver.maximize_window()
    self.driver.get('https://example.com')