序列化包含 List<string> 的 Dictionary<string, object>？

Question

我找到了一个工作得很好的可序列化字典：http://www.jankowskimichal.pl/en/2010/10/serializabledictionary/

但只要字典中的一个对象只是一个字符串列表，我就会遇到异常。 .NET 告诉我它不能序列化它：

Serialize 'C:\bin\Debug\Settings\Default.xml' : System.InvalidOperationException: There was an error generating the XML document. ---> System.InvalidOperationException: There was an error generating the XML document. ---> System.InvalidOperationException: The type System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]] may not be used in this context.
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializationWriter.WriteTypedPrimitive(String name, String ns, Object o, Boolean xsiType)
   at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationWriterObject.Write1_Object(String n, String ns, Object o, Boolean isNullable, Boolean needType)
   at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationWriterObject.Write2_anyType(Object o)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Serialize(XmlWriter xmlWriter, Object o, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, String encodingStyle, String id)
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Serialize(XmlWriter xmlWriter, Object o)
   at ShadowBot.Classes.SerializableDictionary`2.WriteXml(XmlWriter writer) in c:\Classes\SerializableDictionary.cs:line 114
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializationWriter.WriteSerializable(IXmlSerializable serializable, String name, String ns, Boolean isNullable, Boolean wrapped)
   at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationWriterShadowSettings.Write2_ShadowSettings(String n, String ns, ShadowSettings o, Boolean isNullable, Boolean needType)
   at Microsoft.Xml.Serialization.GeneratedAssembly.XmlSerializationWriterShadowSettings.Write3_ShadowSettings(Object o)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Serialize(XmlWriter xmlWriter, Object o, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, String encodingStyle, String id)
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Serialize(Stream stream, Object o, XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces)
   at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Serialize(Stream stream, Object o)
   at Classes.XmlSerializer.Serialize(String Path, Object Object) in c:\Classes\XmlSerializer.cs:line 29

这甚至可能吗？我想要这种能力，只是假设你可以嵌套这样的对象。如果这是不可能的，有没有办法我可以将字典写入磁盘（不必是 XML）然后重新加载它而无需为此编写自定义包装器？我最初是一名 mac 开发人员，这种类型的序列化非常简单，所以我可能在 .NET 上遗漏了一些东西。

编辑：在尝试 odyss 示例时，我得到：

System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException: Type 'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]]' with data contract name 'ArrayOfstring:http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays' is not expected. Consider using a DataContractResolver or add any types not known statically to the list of known types - for example, by using the KnownTypeAttribute attribute or by adding them to the list of known types passed to DataContractSerializer.

Answer 1

我在序列化通用列表时遇到了类似的问题。尝试在序列化之前将列表更改为字符串数组string[]，然后在反序列化后返回List<string>。这很容易做到，可能会解决您的问题：

//List<string> to string[]
string[] sArray = sList.ToArray();

//string[] to List<string>
List<string> sList = sArray.ToList();

Answer 2

作为替代方案，System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer 可能会让您的运气更好。示例：

Dictionary<string, List<string>> dict = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>();
dict.Add("test", new List<string>() { "t", "b" });

StringBuilder xmlString = new StringBuilder();
using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(xmlString))
{
    DataContractSerializer serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Dictionary<string, List<string>>));
    serializer.WriteObject(writer, dict);
}

这会生成：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?><ArrayOfKeyValueOfstringArrayOfstringty7Ep6D1 xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays"><KeyValueOfstringArrayOfstringty7Ep6D1><Key>test</Key><Value><string>t</string><string>b</string></Value></KeyValueOfstringArrayOfstringty7Ep6D1></ArrayOfKeyValueOfstringArrayOfstringty7Ep6D1>