无法使用 Kotlin Jetpack Compose 从一开始就在 Android Studio 中运行任何应用程序

Question

我开始使用 Jetpack compose 学习 Kotlin，因为 UI 构建看起来很容易上手，因为我之前做过 Flutter。但我无法开始我的开发。我从一开始就一直遇到同样的错误。错误如下所述。

One or more issues found when checking AAR metadata values:

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.4.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/17c0065263b1ac8274468d1f294bb3f1/transformed/jetified-activity-compose-1.4.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.activity:activity-ktx:1.4.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/f6dca3ff903d8b71dc31289976e22565/transformed/jetified-activity-ktx-1.4.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.4.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/7d4cb7a963f721e0466a4f4713a2cbb9/transformed/jetified-lifecycle-runtime-ktx-2.4.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.core:core-ktx:1.7.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/89719b86a3bdb3906dcc70f7ccde2945/transformed/jetified-core-ktx-1.7.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.activity:activity:1.4.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/73d6a039b3ae7c3afc83ef08e89d1421/transformed/jetified-activity-1.4.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.core:core:1.7.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/acb209d88ce91ed7fb4d20f7c42190d1/transformed/core-1.7.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

The minCompileSdk (31) specified in a
dependency's AAR metadata (META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties)
is greater than this module's compileSdkVersion (android-30).
Dependency: androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.4.0.
AAR metadata file: /Users/enigma/.gradle/caches/transforms-3/112ed6ed65dc4f7ca288781673eb239c/transformed/lifecycle-runtime-2.4.0/META-INF/com/android/build/gradle/aar-metadata.properties.

我的 gradle 看起来是这样的

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
    id 'kotlin-android'
}

android {
    compileSdk 30

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.kotlinbegginner"
        minSdk 26
        targetSdk 30
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        vectorDrawables {
            useSupportLibrary true
        }
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
    kotlinOptions {
        jvmTarget = '1.8'
        useIR = true
    }
    buildFeatures {
        compose true
    }
    composeOptions {
        kotlinCompilerExtensionVersion compose_version
        kotlinCompilerVersion '1.5.21'
    }
    packagingOptions {
        resources {
            excludes += '/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {

    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.7.0'
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.4.0'
    implementation "androidx.compose.ui:ui:$compose_version"
    implementation "androidx.compose.material:material:$compose_version"
    implementation "androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview:$compose_version"
    implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.4.0'
    implementation 'androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.4.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.4.0'
    androidTestImplementation "androidx.compose.ui:ui-test-junit4:$compose_version"
    debugImplementation "androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling:$compose_version"
}

谁能解释为什么会发生这种情况以及如何解决它？任何帮助将不胜感激！在此先感谢:)

Answer 1

在你的 gradle 文件中更改这一行：

composeOptions {
        kotlinCompilerExtensionVersion compose_version
 
--->    kotlinCompilerVersion '1.5.21'  <---
    
    }

到这里：

kotlinCompilerVersion '1.5.31'

在你的 build.gradle (Project) 中

改变这一行：

classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.5.21"

到这里：

classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:1.5.31"