谷歌地图插件在显示时会导致 Flutter 应用崩溃

Question

每当我尝试显示谷歌地图小部件时，我的应用程序就会崩溃，日志中给出的原因是：

W/com.foody.food( 6310): Unsupported class loader
W/com.foody.food( 6310): Skipping duplicate class check due to unsupported classloader
I/DynamiteModule( 6310): Considering local module com.google.android.gms.maps_dynamite:0 and remote module com.google.android.gms.maps_dynamite:221
I/DynamiteModule( 6310): Selected remote version of com.google.android.gms.maps_dynamite, version >= 221
V/DynamiteModule( 6310): Dynamite loader version >= 2, using loadModule2NoCrashUtils
W/com.foody.food( 6310): Unsupported class loader
I/Google Maps Android API( 6310): Google Play services client version: 12451000
I/Google Maps Android API( 6310): Google Play services package version: 15090039
I/DpmTcmClient( 6310): RegisterTcmMonitor from: com.android.okhttp.TcmIdleTimerMonitor
E/GoogleMapController( 6310): Cannot enable MyLocation layer as location permissions are not granted
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310): FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-4
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310): Process: com.foody.foody, PID: 6310
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310): java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Failed resolution of: Lorg/apache/http/ProtocolVersion;
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at fb.b(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):3)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at fa.a(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):3)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at fc.a(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):15)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at com.google.maps.api.android.lib6.drd.al.a(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):6)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at ee.a(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):23)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at ee.run(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_mapsdynamite@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):8)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310): Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class "org.apache.http.ProtocolVersion" on path: DexPathList[[zip file "/data/user_de/0/com.google.android.gms/app_chimera/m/00000035/MapsDynamite.apk"],nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/user_de/0/com.google.android.gms/app_chimera/m/00000035/MapsDynamite.apk!/lib/arm64-v8a, /system/lib64]]
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:134)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:379)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at ad.loadClass(:com.google.android.gms.dynamite_dynamiteloader@15090083@15.0.90 (100408-231259764):4)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
E/AndroidRuntime( 6310):    ... 6 more
I/Process ( 6310): Sending signal. PID: 6310 SIG: 9
Lost connection to device.

我的 AndroidManifest 如下所示：

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.foody.foody">

    <!-- The INTERNET permission is required for development. Specifically,
         flutter needs it to communicate with the running application
         to allow setting breakpoints, to provide hot reload, etc.
    -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

    <!-- io.flutter.app.FlutterApplication is an android.app.Application that
         calls FlutterMain.startInitialization(this); in its onCreate method.
         In most cases you can leave this as-is, but you if you want to provide
         additional functionality it is fine to subclass or reimplement
         FlutterApplication and put your custom class here. -->
    <application
        android:name="io.flutter.app.FlutterApplication"
        android:label="foody"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density"
            android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
            <!-- This keeps the window background of the activity showing
                 until Flutter renders its first frame. It can be removed if
                 there is no splash screen (such as the default splash screen
                 defined in @style/LaunchTheme). -->
            <meta-data
                android:name="io.flutter.app.android.SplashScreenUntilFirstFrame"
                android:value="true" />
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY"
            android:value="AIzaSyBM8ywYw1UDb3aXaTF3w21EJ86ePWmAkPE"/>
    </application>
</manifest>

我尝试像这样显示地图：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import 'reservation.dart';
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:cloud_firestore/cloud_firestore.dart';
import 'package:google_maps_flutter/google_maps_flutter.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import 'feed.dart';


class info extends StatelessWidget {
  info([this.id]);

  Completer<GoogleMapController> _controller = Completer();

  static final CameraPosition _kGooglePlex = CameraPosition(
    target: LatLng(37.42796133580664, -122.085749655962),
    zoom: 14.4746,
  );

  int id;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton.extended(
        onPressed: () {
          Navigator.push(
            context,
            MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => Reservation(id)),
          );
        },
        icon: Icon(Icons.calendar_today),
        label: Text('Book a Table'),
        backgroundColor: Colors.blueGrey,
      ),
      body: _buildBody(context),
    );
  }

  Widget _buildBody(BuildContext context) {
    return StreamBuilder<QuerySnapshot>(
      stream: Firestore.instance
          .collection('restaurants')
          .where('id', isEqualTo: id)
          .snapshots(),
      builder: (context, snapshot) {
        if (!snapshot.hasData) return LinearProgressIndicator();

        return _buildList(context, snapshot.data.documents);
      },
    );
  }

  Widget _buildList(BuildContext context, List<DocumentSnapshot> snapshot) {

    return ListView(
      physics: BouncingScrollPhysics(),
      shrinkWrap: true,
      children: <Widget>[
        new Container(
          decoration: new BoxDecoration(boxShadow: [
            new BoxShadow(
              color: Colors.blueGrey,
              blurRadius: 20.0,
            )
          ]),
          child: new Image.network(snapshot[0].data['picURL']),
        ),
        Padding(
          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(7.0),
          child: Text(snapshot[0].data['name'],
              style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 36)),
        ),
        Padding(
          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(7.0),
          child: Text(snapshot[0].data['desc'],
              style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 36)),
        ),
        Container(
          height: 500.0,
          width: 500.0,
          child: GoogleMap(
            rotateGesturesEnabled: true,
            scrollGesturesEnabled: true,
            tiltGesturesEnabled: true,
            mapType: MapType.normal,
            initialCameraPosition: _kGooglePlex,
            onMapCreated: (GoogleMapController controller) {
              controller.addMarker(
                  MarkerOptions(
                    position: LatLng(37.42796133580664, -122.085749655962),
                  ),
              );
              _controller.complete(controller);
            },
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }
}

我尝试添加 simple_permissions 插件，但是该插件似乎有自己的错误，所以我停止了。该代码在模拟器上运行良好，但只会在我的手机上崩溃。 谢谢

Answer 1

解决方案是将您的项目升级到 AndroidX。

但不要手动操作，请按照此处所述使用 Android Studio：https://flutter.dev/docs/development/packages-and-plugins/androidx-compatibility

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的错误，将以下代码放入 AndroidManifest.xml 即可解决问题。

<uses-library android:name="org.apache.http.legacy" android:required="false"/>