【问题标题】：Possible to get specific error details from Android SQLiteConstraintException?可以从 Android SQLiteConstraintException 获取特定的错误详细信息吗？
【发布时间】：2016-02-08 02:37:55
【问题描述】：

对于某些数据，我收到以下错误，并且概念很清楚：

android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY 约束失败（代码 787）

但是，这并不能帮助我找到具有无效 FK 的特定记录。与其修改我的代码并尝试使用新事务隔离每个插入，有什么方法可以打开（或提取）日志记录并提供有用的详细信息，例如有问题的表，甚至是导致问题的 FK 值？

另外，我正在使用 SqlBrite，并已打开调试日志记录（仅记录操作，我仍然没有获得有关错误的更多信息）

更新： 这是我自己的代码上面的所有logcat；本质上，在尝试关闭之前打开的事务 (BriteDatabase.Transaction) 时捕获了异常（BriteDatabase.Transaction 对象是新增的；我刚刚从 SqlBrite 0.1.0 迁移到 0.4.1）。

android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecute(Native Method)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.execute(SQLiteConnection.java:555)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.endTransactionUnchecked(SQLiteSession.java:437)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.endTransaction(SQLiteSession.java:401)
    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.endTransaction(SQLiteDatabase.java:522)
    at com.squareup.sqlbrite.BriteDatabase$1.end(BriteDatabase.java:85)

【问题讨论】：

我已更新为将所有 logcat 添加到我自己的内部代码之上。
可能也需要 sql。您可能正在尝试从一个表中删除在另一个表中有引用的记录，（或尝试通过使用空 Id 引用它来删除记录？）
嗨，Al - 我不是想在这里解决问题，而是想找到更好的工具来解决这个问题和未来的问题。我确定其中一条记录具有服务器上存在但本地数据库中不存在的行的外键（这发生在使用刚从服务器检索的数据创建新行时）。我已经通过将本地表列设置为文本字段而不是参考来解决了一个此类问题。我只是对为什么有权访问我需要的数据（哪个表、列和数据值导致问题）的代码不费心报告它感到困惑。

标签： android sqlite sqlbrite

【解决方案1】：

解决方案 1：

您可以使用adb shell dumpsys dbinfo -v 命令查看有关数据库的一些信息。

在我的例子中，我创建了一个小例子，它两次插入相同的记录，强制SQLiteConstraintException：

MyDB db = new MyDB(this);

// Insert the same record twice to force a SQLiteConstraintException
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");

这是我的 Nexus 4 中 adb shell dumpsys dbinfo -v 命令的输出（我不确定，但我认为输出信息可能因设备而异）：

Connection pool for /data/data/com.your.package.name/databases/MyDB:
Open: true
Max connections: 1
Available primary connection:
Connection #0:
  connectionPtr: 0xffffffffb883aaf0
  isPrimaryConnection: true
  onlyAllowReadOnlyOperations: false
  Most recently executed operations:
    0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
    1: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
    2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
    3: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
    4: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForLong took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
    5: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
    6: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
    7: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] execute took 1ms - succeeded, sql="CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS android_metadata (locale TEXT)"
    8: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint=100"
    9: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint"
    10: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit=524288"
    11: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit"
    12: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA synchronous"
    13: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode=PERSIST"
    14: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.205] executeForString took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode"
    15: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA foreign_keys"
    16: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA page_size"
  Prepared statement cache:
    0: statementPtr=0xffffffffb8839558, numParameters=0, type=1, readOnly=true, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
Available non-primary connections:
<none>
Acquired connections:
<none>
Connection waiters:
<none>

分析输出，在Most recently executed operations: 中我得到以下信息（一条记录成功插入，另一条记录失败）：

0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]

解决方案 2：

此解决方案有点棘手，但您可以使用 android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug 类通过 Java 代码获取类似信息。

如果您查看this，您会看到该类被标记为@hide，这意味着 SQLiteDebug 类已从 API 文档中排除，但仍可以通过反射访问它。

因此，要打印 SQLite 数据库的调试信息，您可以使用以下代码：

// The messages will be printed as Log.ERROR using the tag "DB"
Printer p = new LogPrinter(Log.ERROR, "DB");
// We will invoke the "dump" method of the "android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug" class
// We eill use the "-v" parameter because we want the output to be verbose
Class<?> c = Class.forName("android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug");
Method method = c.getMethod("dump", new Class[]{Printer.class, String[].class});
method.invoke(null, p, new String[]{"-v"});

一个简单的例子来说明解决方案：

MyDB db = new MyDB(this);

// Insert the same record twice to force a SQLiteConstraintException
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");
db.insertIntoMyTable("1","MyName");

try {
    Printer p = new LogPrinter(Log.ERROR, "DB");
    Class<?> c = Class.forName("android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDebug");
    Method method = c.getMethod("dump", new Class[]{Printer.class, String[].class});
    method.invoke(null, p, new String[]{"-v"});
}
catch (Exception e) {
    Log.e("MyTag", e.getMessage());
}

在这种情况下，我使用 LogPrinter 将调试信息转储到 logcat，但您可以使用自己的 Printer 实现。

在我的 Nexus 4 中，logcat 看起来像这样（我不确定，但我认为输出信息可能因设备而异）：

E/SQLiteLog(22296): (1555) abort at 10 in [INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)]: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): Error inserting name=MyName _id=1
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecuteForLastInsertedRowId(Native Method)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteConnection.java:782)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteSession.java:788)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.executeInsert(SQLiteStatement.java:86)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1471)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1341)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at com.example.antonio.prueba3.MyDB.insertIntoMyTable(MyDB.java:32)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at com.example.antonio.prueba3.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:24)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2387)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5254)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
E/SQLiteDatabase(22296):    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
E/DB      (22296): Connection pool for /data/data/com.example.antonio.prueba3/databases/MyDB:
E/DB      (22296):   Open: true
E/DB      (22296):   Max connections: 1
E/DB      (22296):   Available primary connection:
E/DB      (22296):     Connection #0:
E/DB      (22296):       connectionPtr: 0xffffffffb883aaf0
E/DB      (22296):       isPrimaryConnection: true
E/DB      (22296):       onlyAllowReadOnlyOperations: false
E/DB      (22296):       Most recently executed operations:
E/DB      (22296):         0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
E/DB      (22296):         1: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
E/DB      (22296):         2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]
E/DB      (22296):         3: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)"
E/DB      (22296):         4: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForLong took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
E/DB      (22296):         5: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] prepare took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA user_version;"
E/DB      (22296):         6: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.208] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
E/DB      (22296):         7: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] execute took 1ms - succeeded, sql="CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS android_metadata (locale TEXT)"
E/DB      (22296):         8: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint=100"
E/DB      (22296):         9: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA wal_autocheckpoint"
E/DB      (22296):         10: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit=524288"
E/DB      (22296):         11: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.207] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_size_limit"
E/DB      (22296):         12: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA synchronous"
E/DB      (22296):         13: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.206] executeForString took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode=PERSIST"
E/DB      (22296):         14: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.205] executeForString took 1ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA journal_mode"
E/DB      (22296):         15: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA foreign_keys"
E/DB      (22296):         16: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.204] executeForLong took 0ms - succeeded, sql="PRAGMA page_size"
E/DB      (22296):       Prepared statement cache:
E/DB      (22296):         0: statementPtr=0xffffffffb8839558, numParameters=0, type=1, readOnly=true, sql="SELECT locale FROM android_metadata UNION SELECT NULL ORDER BY locale DESC LIMIT 1"
E/DB      (22296):   Available non-primary connections:
E/DB      (22296):     <none>
E/DB      (22296):   Acquired connections:
E/DB      (22296):     <none>
E/DB      (22296):   Connection waiters:
E/DB      (22296):     <none>

分析输出，我得到一个SQLiteConstraintException：

E/SQLiteDatabase(22296): android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)

在Most recently executed operations: 中，我得到以下信息（一条记录成功插入，另一条记录失败）：

E/DB      (22296):         0: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.227] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 1ms - failed, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"], exception="UNIQUE constraint failed: MyTable._id (code 1555)"
E/DB      (22296):         2: [2015-11-13 17:59:16.209] executeForLastInsertedRowId took 18ms - succeeded, sql="INSERT INTO MyTable(name,_id) VALUES (?,?)", bindArgs=["MyName", "1"]

希望对你有帮助。

【讨论】：

它对我来说并不完全一样，因为我有事务并在提交时收到错误，但是当我没有启用数据库调用日志记录时，这是一个很好的工具.我仍然需要将插入分割成单独的事务以追踪问题，但我会奖励赏金，因为这是我工具箱的有用补充。
我回来并实现了一个记录器，它使用您的方法 2 从转储中提取信息。通过一些创造性的正则表达式操作，我可以使用查询参数刮掉有问题的行（没有敏感数据我不能生产中的跟踪），这恰好是 after 表示失败的行，因为我使用事务。只要我为每个事务隔离 1 个潜在的麻烦命令，这看起来在生产中可能很有用。
很高兴听到该解决方案在生产环境中有所帮助，但在使用正则表达式时要考虑到设备之间的输出可能不同（至少我测试过的两个不同设备上的输出不同））。感谢您的跟进。

【解决方案2】：

您只需take out that SQLite file from your device，然后将其加载到 SQLite 浏览器应用程序中即可。因此，您现在可以尝试执行相同的事务并查看发生了什么。

SQLite 浏览器：

【讨论】：

嗨，谢谢 - 我确实使用 SQLite Studio 并经常在本地提取数据库以进行检查和交互。但是，有问题的 SQL 可能有数百行 - 我正在检查生产数据以找出其中的哪一点有问题。当我将所有提交分解为单独的事务以隔离问题行时，我已经完成了我试图保存的大部分工作，并且数据库的本地副本上的一些查询确实显示me which FK 指的是缺失的行。