Process.Start 使用 UAC 开启不同的凭据

Question

我正在尝试使用 Process.Start 启动另一个进程，并在 UAC 开启的情况下以不同的凭据运行。我收到以下错误：

System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception： 登录失败：用户帐户 限制。可能的原因是 不允许使用空白密码，请登录 小时限制或政策 限制已在 System.Diagnostics.Process.StartWithCreateProcess（ProcessStartInfo 开始信息）在 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start()
在 System.Diagnostics.Process.Start（ProcessStartInfo 启动信息）

如果我关闭 UAC，它可以正常工作。如果我在不指定用户名和密码的情况下启动该过程，它可以正常工作。以下是代码的副本：

            ProcessStartInfo processInfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
            processInfo.Verb = "runas";
            processInfo.FileName = command;
            processInfo.Arguments = parameters;
            processInfo.UserName = txtUserName.Text;
            processInfo.Password = password;
            processInfo.Domain = "myDomain";
            processInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            processInfo.LoadUserProfile = true;

            Process.Start(processInfo);

我相信这与桌面会话有关，但不确定为什么在 UAC 关闭时它会起作用。

任何关于如何在不关闭 UAC、修改注册表或更改本地/组策略的情况下使其工作的想法将不胜感激。

谢谢

编辑

上面代码的进程是以管理员身份启动的：

      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
         //make sure we are running with admin privileges
         if (VerifyIsAdmin())
         {
            Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
            Application.Run(new MyApp(args));
         }
      }

      private static bool VerifyIsAdmin()
      {
         WindowsPrincipal principal = new WindowsPrincipal(WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent());
         bool isAdmin = principal.IsInRole(WindowsBuiltInRole.Administrator);
         if (!isAdmin)
         {
            ProcessStartInfo processInfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
            processInfo.Verb = "runas";
            processInfo.FileName = Application.ExecutablePath;
            Process.Start(processInfo);
         }
         return isAdmin;
      }

编辑

试过CreateProcessWithLogonW ...有同样的问题。

经过进一步搜索，似乎是需要智能卡登录（scforceoption）的组策略有问题。话虽如此，我仍然不明白为什么当 UAC 关闭时它会起作用。它仍然需要在登录时使用智能卡。

看起来我无法解决这个问题。任何见解/建议将不胜感激。

Answer 1

你必须做以下事情： 1. 获取谁已经登录并且这个用户有一个活跃的桌面 2. 获取该用户启动的进程句柄 3. 从这个过程中“窃取”凭证 4. 使用这些凭据启动进程

以下代码应该可以解决问题：

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Security;
using System.Management;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace Win32
{
    public class Win32API
    {
        #region WMI Constants

        private const String cstrScope = "root\\CIMV2";
        private const String cstrLoggenInUser = "SELECT * FROM Win32_ComputerSystem";

        #endregion

        #region Win32 API routines

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
        {
            public Int32 Length;
            public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
            public Boolean bInheritHandle;
        }

        enum TOKEN_TYPE
        {
            TokenPrimary = 1,
            TokenImpersonation = 2
        }

        enum TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS
        {
            TokenUser = 1,
            TokenGroups,
            TokenPrivileges,
            TokenOwner,
            TokenPrimaryGroup,
            TokenDefaultDacl,
            TokenSource,
            TokenType,
            TokenImpersonationLevel,
            TokenStatistics,
            TokenRestrictedSids,
            TokenSessionId,
            TokenGroupsAndPrivileges,
            TokenSessionReference,
            TokenSandBoxInert,
            TokenAuditPolicy,
            TokenOrigin,
            MaxTokenInfoClass  // MaxTokenInfoClass should always be the last enum
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct STARTUPINFO
        {
            public Int32 cb;
            public String lpReserved;
            public String lpDesktop;
            public String lpTitle;
            public UInt32 dwX;
            public UInt32 dwY;
            public UInt32 dwXSize;
            public UInt32 dwYSize;
            public UInt32 dwXCountChars;
            public UInt32 dwYCountChars;
            public UInt32 dwFillAttribute;
            public UInt32 dwFlags;
            public short wShowWindow;
            public short cbReserved2;
            public IntPtr lpReserved2;
            public IntPtr hStdInput;
            public IntPtr hStdOutput;
            public IntPtr hStdError;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct PROCESS_INFORMATION
        {
            public IntPtr hProcess;
            public IntPtr hThread;
            public UInt32 dwProcessId;
            public UInt32 dwThreadId;
        }

        enum SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL
        {
            SecurityAnonymous = 0,
            SecurityIdentification = 1,
            SecurityImpersonation = 2,
            SecurityDelegation = 3,
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LUID
        {
            public Int32 LowPart;
            public Int32 HighPart;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct LUID_AND_ATRIBUTES
        {
            LUID Luid;
            Int32 Attributes;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
        {
            public Int32 PrivilegeCount;
            //LUID_AND_ATRIBUTES
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 3)]
            public Int32[] Privileges;
        }

        const Int32 READ_CONTROL = 0x00020000;

        const Int32 STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000;

        const Int32 STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = READ_CONTROL;
        const Int32 STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = READ_CONTROL;
        const Int32 STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = READ_CONTROL;

        const Int32 STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = 0x001F0000;

        const Int32 SPECIFIC_RIGHTS_ALL = 0x0000FFFF;

        const Int32 TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x0001;
        const Int32 TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x0002;
        const Int32 TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x0004;
        const Int32 TOKEN_QUERY = 0x0008;
        const Int32 TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x0010;
        const Int32 TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x0020;
        const Int32 TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x0040;
        const Int32 TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x0080;
        const Int32 TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x0100;

        const Int32 TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS_P = (
            STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED |
            TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY |
            TOKEN_DUPLICATE |
            TOKEN_IMPERSONATE |
            TOKEN_QUERY |
            TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE |
            TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES |
            TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS |
            TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT);

        const Int32 TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS_P | TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID;

        const Int32 TOKEN_READ = STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ | TOKEN_QUERY;


        const Int32 TOKEN_WRITE = STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE |
                                      TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES |
                                      TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS |
                                      TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT;

        const Int32 TOKEN_EXECUTE = STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE;

        const UInt32 MAXIMUM_ALLOWED = 0x2000000;

        const Int32 CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP = 0x00000200;
        const Int32 CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT = 0x00000400;

        const Int32 IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x40;
        const Int32 NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x20;
        const Int32 HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x80;
        const Int32 REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS = 0x100;

        const Int32 CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = 0x00000010;

        const string SE_DEBUG_NAME = "SeDebugPrivilege";
        const string SE_RESTORE_NAME = "SeRestorePrivilege";
        const string SE_BACKUP_NAME = "SeBackupPrivilege";

        const Int32 SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = 0x0002;

        const Int32 ERROR_NOT_ALL_ASSIGNED = 1300;

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        struct PROCESSENTRY32
        {
            UInt32 dwSize;
            UInt32 cntUsage;
            UInt32 th32ProcessID;
            IntPtr th32DefaultHeapID;
            UInt32 th32ModuleID;
            UInt32 cntThreads;
            UInt32 th32ParentProcessID;
            Int32 pcPriClassBase;
            UInt32 dwFlags;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
            string szExeFile;
        }

        const UInt32 TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = 0x00000002;

        const Int32 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern Boolean CloseHandle(IntPtr hSnapshot);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern UInt32 WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();

        [DllImport("Wtsapi32.dll")]
        static extern UInt32 WTSQueryUserToken(UInt32 SessionId, ref IntPtr phToken);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern Boolean LookupPrivilegeValue(IntPtr lpSystemName, string lpname, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref LUID lpLuid);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateProcessAsUser", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        extern static Boolean CreateProcessAsUser(IntPtr hToken, String lpApplicationName, String lpCommandLine, ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
            ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, Boolean bInheritHandle, Int32 dwCreationFlags, IntPtr lpEnvironment,
            String lpCurrentDirectory, ref STARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo, out PROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "DuplicateTokenEx")]
        extern static Boolean DuplicateTokenEx(IntPtr ExistingTokenHandle, UInt32 dwDesiredAccess,
            ref SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, Int32 TokenType,
            Int32 ImpersonationLevel, ref IntPtr DuplicateTokenHandle);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(UInt32 dwDesiredAccess, Boolean bInheritHandle, UInt32 dwProcessId);

        [DllImport("advapi32", SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        static extern Boolean OpenProcessToken(IntPtr ProcessHandle, // handle to process
                                            Int32 DesiredAccess, // desired access to process
                                            ref IntPtr TokenHandle); // handle to open access token

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern Boolean AdjustTokenPrivileges(IntPtr TokenHandle, Boolean DisableAllPrivileges, ref TOKEN_PRIVILEGES NewState, Int32 BufferLength, IntPtr PreviousState, IntPtr ReturnLength);

        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern Boolean SetTokenInformation(IntPtr TokenHandle, TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS TokenInformationClass, ref UInt32 TokenInformation, UInt32 TokenInformationLength);

        [DllImport("userenv.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern Boolean CreateEnvironmentBlock(ref IntPtr lpEnvironment, IntPtr hToken, Boolean bInherit);

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Method returns name of the user that logged in on workstation
        /// </summary>
        public static String GetLoggedInUserName()
        {
            String userName = String.Empty;

            try
            {
                ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =
                    new ManagementObjectSearcher(cstrScope, cstrLoggenInUser);

                foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
                {
                    userName = queryObj["UserName"].ToString();
                    break;
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                userName = String.Empty;
            }

            return userName;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates the process in the interactive desktop with credentials of the logged in user.
        /// </summary>
        public static Boolean CreateProcessAsUser(String commandLine, 
            String workingDirectory,
            String userAppName, 
            out StringBuilder output)
        {
            Boolean processStarted = false;
            output = new StringBuilder();

            try
            {
                UInt32 dwSessionId = WTSGetActiveConsoleSessionId();
                output.AppendLine(String.Format("Active console session Id: {0}", dwSessionId));

                IntPtr hUserToken = IntPtr.Zero;
                WTSQueryUserToken(dwSessionId, ref hUserToken);

                if (hUserToken != IntPtr.Zero)
                {
                    output.AppendLine(String.Format("WTSQueryUserToken() OK (hUserToken:{0})", hUserToken));

                    Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(userAppName);

                    if (processes.Length == 0)
                    {
                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("Application '{0}' can not be found in the running processes", userAppName));
                        return false;
                    }

                    Int32 userAppProcessId = -1;

                    for (Int32 k = 0; k < processes.Length; k++)
                    {
                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("Process: '{0}', PID: {1}, Handle: {2}, Session: {3}",
                            processes[k].ProcessName, processes[k].Id, processes[k].Handle, processes[k].SessionId));

                        if ((UInt32)processes[k].SessionId == dwSessionId)
                        {
                            userAppProcessId = processes[k].Id;
                        }
                    }

                    if (userAppProcessId == -1)
                    {
                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("Application '{0}' is not found in the processes of the current session", userAppName));
                        return false;
                    }

                    IntPtr hProcess = OpenProcess((Int32)MAXIMUM_ALLOWED, false, (UInt32)userAppProcessId);

                    IntPtr hPToken = IntPtr.Zero;

                    OpenProcessToken(hProcess,
                        TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES
                        | TOKEN_QUERY
                        | TOKEN_DUPLICATE
                        | TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY
                        | TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID
                        | TOKEN_READ
                        | TOKEN_WRITE,
                        ref hPToken);

                    if (hPToken != IntPtr.Zero)
                    {
                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("OpenProcessToken() OK (Token: {0})", hPToken));

                        LUID luid = new LUID();

                        if (LookupPrivilegeValue(IntPtr.Zero, SE_DEBUG_NAME, ref luid))
                        {
                            output.AppendLine(String.Format("LookupPrivilegeValue() OK (High: {0}, Low: {1})", luid.HighPart, luid.LowPart));

                            SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = new SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES();
                            sa.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(sa);

                            IntPtr hUserTokenDup = IntPtr.Zero;
                            DuplicateTokenEx(hPToken,
                                (Int32)MAXIMUM_ALLOWED,
                                ref sa,
                                (Int32)SECURITY_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL.SecurityIdentification,
                                (Int32)TOKEN_TYPE.TokenPrimary,
                                ref hUserTokenDup);

                            if (hUserTokenDup != IntPtr.Zero)
                            {
                                output.AppendLine(String.Format("DuplicateTokenEx() OK (hToken: {0})", hUserTokenDup));

                                TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp = new TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
                                      {
                                          PrivilegeCount = 1, 
                                        Privileges = new Int32[3]
                                      };

                                tp.Privileges[1] = luid.HighPart;
                                tp.Privileges[0] = luid.LowPart;
                                tp.Privileges[2] = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;

                                //Adjust Token privilege
                                if (SetTokenInformation(hUserTokenDup,
                                    TOKEN_INFORMATION_CLASS.TokenSessionId,
                                    ref dwSessionId,
                                    (UInt32)IntPtr.Size))
                                {
                                    output.AppendLine(String.Format("SetTokenInformation() OK"));

                                    if (AdjustTokenPrivileges(hUserTokenDup,
                                        false, ref tp, Marshal.SizeOf(tp),
                                        IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero))
                                    {
                                        output.AppendLine("AdjustTokenPrivileges() OK");

                                        Int32 dwCreationFlags = NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS | CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE;

                                        IntPtr pEnv = IntPtr.Zero;
                                        if (CreateEnvironmentBlock(ref pEnv, hUserTokenDup, true))
                                        {
                                            dwCreationFlags |= CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            output.AppendLine(String.Format("CreateEnvironmentBlock() FAILED (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                                            pEnv = IntPtr.Zero;
                                        }

                                        // Launch the process in the client's logon session.
                                        PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

                                        STARTUPINFO si = new STARTUPINFO();
                                        si.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(si);
                                        si.lpDesktop = "winsta0\\default";

                                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("CreateProcess (Path:{0}, CurrDir:{1})", commandLine, workingDirectory));

                                        if (CreateProcessAsUser(hUserTokenDup,    // client's access token
                                                null,                // file to execute
                                                commandLine,        // command line
                                                ref sa,                // pointer to process SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
                                                ref sa,                // pointer to thread SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES
                                                false,                // handles are not inheritable
                                                dwCreationFlags,    // creation flags
                                                pEnv,                // pointer to new environment block 
                                                workingDirectory,    // name of current directory 
                                                ref si,                // pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
                                                out pi                // receives information about new process
                                            ))
                                        {
                                            processStarted = true;
                                            output.AppendLine(String.Format("CreateProcessAsUser() OK (PID: {0})", pi.dwProcessId));
                                        }
                                        else
                                        {
                                            output.AppendLine(String.Format("CreateProcessAsUser() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                                        }
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("AdjustTokenPrivileges() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    output.AppendLine(String.Format("SetTokenInformation() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                                }

                                CloseHandle(hUserTokenDup);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                output.AppendLine(String.Format("DuplicateTokenEx() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            output.AppendLine(String.Format("LookupPrivilegeValue() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                        }

                        CloseHandle(hPToken);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        output.AppendLine(String.Format("OpenProcessToken() failed (Last Error: {0})", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                    }

                    CloseHandle(hUserToken);
                }
                else
                {
                    output.AppendLine(String.Format("WTSQueryUserToken failed: {0}", Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()));
                }

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                output.AppendLine("Exception occurred: " + ex.Message);
            }

            return processStarted;
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

用法：

try
{            
    StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
    if (!Win32API.CreateProcessAsUser("C:\\WINDOWS\\notepad.exe", "C:\\WINDOWS\\", "winlogon", out output))
         throw new Win32Exception(output.ToString());
    else
         throw new Win32Exception("Process RUN!!!");
}
catch (Win32Exception ex)
{
    File.WriteAllText("c:\\hello!.txt", ex.Message + " " + ex.ErrorCode.ToString());
}

代码的功劳来自 rsdn.ru 的 Forcas

Answer 2

我发现了一些旧项目，我在下面使用了代码，并且当时可以正常工作（看起来与您的相似），也许它无济于事，但仍然值得一试：

ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo();
startInfo.UseShellExecute = true;
startInfo.WorkingDirectory = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
startInfo.FileName = Application.ExecutablePath;
startInfo.Verb = "runas";
try
{
    Process p = Process.Start(startInfo);
}
catch(System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception ex)
{
    return;
}

Answer 3

看起来您并不孤单，而且您可能无法尝试这样做：

http://www.icodefactory.com/lab/post/UAC-Revealed-7e-elevation-of-rights-from-NET-as-commonly-misunderstood.aspx

这只是一个猜测，但也许您可以请求管理员权限，然后impersonate the user，然后最后在模拟的同时启动进程？

编辑：您还可以尝试基于此页面上的评论的 PInvoke 用于在不同用户下启动进程： http://blogs.msdn.com/thottams/archive/2006/08/11/696013.aspx

Answer 4

尝试为您要启动的其他进程添加清单文件。 Windows 将分析清单文件并在进程开始之前向您显示 UAC 对话框。

这里是如何嵌入清单文件link1和link2的信息

HTH