将 DataGrid 绑定到 ObservableCollection<Dictionary>

Question

我有一个ObservableCollection<Dictionary>，想将它绑定到DataGrid。

ObservableDictionary<String,Object> NewRecord1 = new ObservableDictionary<string,object>();

Dictionary<String,Object> Record1 = new Dictionary<string,object>();
Record1.Add("FirstName", "FName1");
Record1.Add("LastName", "LName1");
Record1.Add("Age", "32");

DictRecords.Add(Record1);

Dictionary<String, Object> Record2 = new Dictionary<string, object>();
NewRecord2.Add("FirstName", "FName2");
NewRecord2.Add("LastName", "LName2");
NewRecord2.Add("Age", "42");

DictRecords.Add(Record2);

我希望键成为DataGrid 的标题，每个Dictionary 项的值成为行。设置ItemsSource 不起作用。

Answer 1

您可以使用可绑定的动态字典。这会将每个字典条目作为属性公开。

/// <summary>
/// Bindable dynamic dictionary.
/// </summary>
public sealed class BindableDynamicDictionary : DynamicObject, INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The internal dictionary.
    /// </summary>
    private readonly Dictionary<string, object> _dictionary;

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates a new BindableDynamicDictionary with an empty internal dictionary.
    /// </summary>
    public BindableDynamicDictionary()
    {
        _dictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Copies the contents of the given dictionary to initilize the internal dictionary.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="source"></param>
    public BindableDynamicDictionary(IDictionary<string, object> source)
    {
        _dictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>(source);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// You can still use this as a dictionary.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="key"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public object this[string key]
    {
        get
        {
            return _dictionary[key];
        }
        set
        {
            _dictionary[key] = value;
            RaisePropertyChanged(key);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This allows you to get properties dynamically.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="binder"></param>
    /// <param name="result"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
    {
        return _dictionary.TryGetValue(binder.Name, out result);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This allows you to set properties dynamically.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="binder"></param>
    /// <param name="value"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
    {
        _dictionary[binder.Name] = value;
        RaisePropertyChanged(binder.Name);
        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// This is used to list the current dynamic members.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public override IEnumerable<string> GetDynamicMemberNames()
    {
        return _dictionary.Keys;
    }

    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

    private void RaisePropertyChanged(string propertyName)
    {
        var propChange = PropertyChanged;
        if (propChange == null) return;
        propChange(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }
}

那么你可以这样使用它：

    private void testButton1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Creating a dynamic dictionary.
        var dd = new BindableDynamicDictionary();

        //access like any dictionary
        dd["Age"] = 32;

        //or as a dynamic
        dynamic person = dd;

        // Adding new dynamic properties.  
        // The TrySetMember method is called.
        person.FirstName = "Alan";
        person.LastName = "Evans";

        //hacky for short example, should have a view model and use datacontext
        var collection = new ObservableCollection<object>();
        collection.Add(person);
        dataGrid1.ItemsSource = collection;
    }

Datagrid 需要自定义代码来构建列：

XAML：

<DataGrid AutoGenerateColumns="True" Name="dataGrid1" AutoGeneratedColumns="dataGrid1_AutoGeneratedColumns" />

AutoGeneratedColumns 事件：

    private void dataGrid1_AutoGeneratedColumns(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        var dg = sender as DataGrid;
        var first = dg.ItemsSource.Cast<object>().FirstOrDefault() as DynamicObject;
        if (first == null) return;
        var names = first.GetDynamicMemberNames();
        foreach(var name in names)
        {
            dg.Columns.Add(new DataGridTextColumn { Header = name, Binding = new Binding(name) });            
        }            
    }

Answer 2

根据韦斯顿的回答，我想出了另一个解决方案，但不使用自定义的 BindableDynamicDictionary 类。

在命名空间System.Dynamic（在 ASP.NET 中大量使用）中有一个名为 ExpandoObject 的类。

它基本上与 westons BindableDynamicDictionary 做同样的事情，但缺点是没有索引运算符可用，因为它显式实现了接口 IDictionary<string, object>

private void MyDataGrid_AutoGeneratedColumns(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
  var dg = sender as DataGrid;
  dg.Columns.Clear();
  var first = dg.ItemsSource.Cast<object>().FirstOrDefault() as IDictionary<string, object>;
  if (first == null) return;
  var names = first.Keys;
  foreach (var name in names)
  {
    dg.Columns.Add(new DataGridTextColumn { Header = name, Binding = new Binding(name) });
  }
}

请注意，这里唯一的区别是您必须将 ExpandoObject 强制转换为 IDictionary<string, object> 才能通过索引运算符访问/添加值或属性。